Proof of statement inconsistent with present testimony

(1) A witness under cross-examination may be asked whether he has made any former statement relative to the subject-matter of the cause or matter and inconsistent with his present testimony, the circumstances of the supposed statement being referred to sufficiently to designate the particular occasion and, if he does not distinctly admit that he has made that statement, proof may be given that he did in fact make it. (2) The same course may be taken with a witness upon his examination-in-chief, if the judge is of opinion that he is adverse to the party by whom he was called, or that his memory is in good faith at fault, and permits the question. Cross- examination as