Commencement

These Regulations shall come into force on the 17th day of July, 2000. MADE by the Minister responsible for International Financial Services this 12th day of July, 2000. 14 International Insurance (RALPH FONSECA) Minister responsible for International Financial Services __________ International Insurance 15 SCHEDULE I FORM 1 [regulation 3(2)(a)] APPLICATION FOR REGISTRATION AS AN INTERNATIONAL INSURER Please complete all sections as fully as possible, giving reasons for non-completion of any section and attaching appendices where appropriate. 1. Full name of applicant __________________________ ___________________________ 2. Date on which applicant commenced, or intends to commence, carrying on International Insurance Business in or from within Belize. __________________________________________________ 3.-(a) Category of business being or proposed to be, transacted (as defined in section 2 of the Act) ( ) Long term ( ) General ( ) Reinsurance ( ) Captive If applicant is or is to be a reinsurer or captive insurer, are the special exemptions available to qualifying reinsurers (under sections 15(6) and 23(2) and to qualifying captive insurers (under section 23(2)) required? ( ) Yes ( ) No If “Yes” please submit appropriately signed undertaking for exemption. 16 International Insurance If applicant is/ is to be a captive insurer is/will any business unrelated to the captive’s parent being/ be written? ( ) YES ( ) NO If “Yes” state type of business and percentage of total business proposed and reasons to justify such writings. (b) Specify the types of insurance business contemplated under this application: LIFE ( ) HEALTH ( ) WORKMEN’S COMPENSATION ( ) MOTOR ( ) PERSONAL ACCIDENT( ) PROPERTY( ) AVIATION ( ) PUBLIC LIABILITY( ) CONTRACTOR’S LIABILITY ( ) BONDS AND SURETY ( ) MARINE ( ) OTHER ( ) (Please indicate) 4. Address of applicant (a) Registered office ____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________ (b) Office in Belize where full business records will be kept ____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________ 5. If the applicant is to depend upon any third party services for the provision of underwriting, management, financial or accounting services, please list all proposed third parties below and give details of such companies including evidence of agreement to provide the services mentioned. ( ) Insurance Manager (in Belize) ( ) Principal Insurance Representative (in Belize) International Insurance 17 ( ) Underwriters ( ) Accounting and Financial Services ( ) Claims Service Companies ( ) Agents Attach particulars of proposed companies, evidence of appointment and evidence of acceptance by the proposed companies as Exhibit I hereto. 6. Attach a copy of applicant company’s proposed Memorandum of Association and Articles of Association or other instrument of constitution of the applicant as may be appropriate or, in the case of companies already incorporated, copy of documentation certified by the appropriate Registrar. (N.B. Bearer Shares are not acceptable and there must be a minimum of TWO directors, one of whom must be resident in Belize.) Attach under separate cover as Exhibit II. (a) Are bearer shares prohibited? ( ) Yes ( ) No (indicate clause prohibiting) (b) Authorised share capital $ ............................................. (c) Fully paid up capital $ ................................................... (d) Evidence that minimum specified paid up share capital has been or will be deposited with licensed offshore bank or financial institution in Belize and shall not be removed without prior written permission of Supervisor of International Insurance. (Section 6(b)) ( ) Yes ( ) No 18 International Insurance If “Yes” attach evidence under separate cover as Exhibit III. (Certificate of registration will not be released before satisfactory evidence of registered deposit has been received by the Supervisor.) 7. List all names (including any previous names), addresses and nationalities of all shareholders. In those instances where shares are held by a corporate body or bodies the chain of connection to the ultimate owner must be shown. Shareholder % Shares held _________________ _________________ _________________ _________________ _________________ _________________ _________________ _________________ _________________ _________________ 8. Attach completed Notarized Biographical Affidavit in Schedule II for each beneficial owner, shareholder, director, officer and all key personnel with particular emphasis on experience in the insurance profession. Attach Biographical Affidavit as Exhibit IV hereto (When executed outside Belize such documents must be notarised). 9. Name, address and professional qualification of auditors. Attach evidence that said auditors have agreed to accept appointment and copy of Auditor’s current practising certificate in accordance with section 9 of the Accountancy Profession Act. CAP. 305. Name of Auditor __________________________ Address of Auditor ________________________ _______________________________________ International Insurance 19 Attach letter of Appointment as Exhibit V hereto Accounting standards to apply– (a) international accounting standards; or (b) generally accepted accounting principles. Country10. Name and address of Attorney-at-Law resident in Belize who is authorised to accept service of process in legal proceedings and notices on behalf of the applicant and who is approved or proposed for approval under section 6(e)(iii) of the Act. (Letter from person consenting to accept appointment is to be attached). Attach as Exhibit VI hereto 11.-(a) For existing insurer attach annual accounts for last three years preceding the date of this application. Attach as Exhibit VII hereto (delete as applicable) For new applicants the financial projections and information in business plan at 12 below alone are required. (b) Attach completed written undertaking on form available, to provide and maintain at least the minimum solvency requirements prescribed by the Regulations for registered insurers. Attach as Exhibit VIII hereto 12. Attach a 5-year business plan with financial projections to include nature of business to be undertaken, principal sources, expected premium income from various categories, assessment of risk factors including proposed reinsurance arrangements, asset base at the end of each year and anticipated loss ratios. 20 International Insurance Attach as Exhibit IX hereto 13. Have any of the parties connected with this application ever applied, either individually or in conjunction with others, for authority to transact insurance business in any jurisdiction? ( ) Yes ( )No If “Yes” please attach detailed result, etc. as Exhibit X hereto. 14. Has any application by applicant for similar registration ever been rejected or deferred? ( ) Yes ( ) No If “Yes” please provide details (indicating country where rejected or deferred) attaching as Exhibit XI if necessary. I/We shall confirm that all particulars provided above and in the documents accompanying this application or otherwise furnished in support hereof are true and correct and agree that if this application is granted we shall at all times comply with the requirements and provisions of the International Insurance Act and any Regulations or guidelines made thereunder or any amendments thereto which may be made from time to time. CAP. 269. 15. Amount of registration fee enclosed US$.................... ( ) cheque ( ) cash or supply evidence of payment of such fee having been made to appropriate authority. I.D. No. Receipt, particulars and date: ___________________ _________________________________________________ (Applicant’s Name) _______________________________ (Authorised signatory for Applicant) International Insurance 21 Witness ________________________ Address ________________________ ________________________ ________________________ Dated this _________ day of _______________________ . __________ 22 International Insurance SCHEDULE I FORM 2 [regulation 3(2)(a)] APPLICATION FOR REGISTRATION AS AN INSURANCE MANAGER 1. Applicant’s full name or proposed name for registration _________________________________________________ _________________________________________________ 2. Applicant’s business address in Belize _________________________________________________ _________________________________________________ _________________________________________________ 3. Attach copy of applicant’s Memorandum and Articles of Association as Exhibit I. (a) Are bearer shares prohibited? ( ) Yes ( ) No (Indicate clause prohibiting) (b) Authorised share capital $ ............................... (c) Fully paid-up capital $ .................................... 4. Names of shareholders/owners and beneficial owners and directors, Chief Executive and Executive Staff of proposed Insurance Manager along with their addresses and work history (Completed Notarised Biographical Affidavits in Schedule II are preferred and any more detailed information must also be attached.) Beneficial owners/shareholders _________________________________________________ _________________________________________________ International Insurance 23 __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ Directors __________________________________________ __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ Officers ___________________________________________ __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ 5. Attach completed Biographical Affidavits for each Beneficial Owner, Shareholder, Director and Officer of Applicant Company. (When Biographical Affidavit is executed overseas it must be notarised in the country where executed). 6. Organisational structure of applicant. (Diagram, etc.) 7. Attach applicant’s business plan for the first 5 years of operation along with appropriate financial projections for that period (Exhibit II) identifying types of insurance business to be managed, principal sources, extent of services to be provided and expected earnings to be generated. 8. Name and address of Attorney-at-Law resident in Belize authorised and consenting to accept service of process in any legal proceedings against applicant. __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ 9. Has applicant ever been denied any form of insurance licence to operate in a similar or related capacity or had any such application deferred or ever had any regulatory action taken against applicant. 24 International Insurance ( ) YES ( ) NO If “Yes” please provide details with dates, etc. attaching appendix if necessary. 10. Does applicant carry on similar or related business in any other jurisdiction? ( ) YES ( ) NO If “Yes” please supply particulars of specific nature of operation, territory, etc. 11. Application fee enclosed of US$ .................................. or supply evidence of payment of such fee having been made to appropriate authority ID No./Receipt particulars and date. I/We confirm that all particulars provided above and in the documents accompanying this application or otherwise furnished in support hereof are true and correct and confirm that if this application is granted I/we shall at all times comply with the requirements and provisions of the International Insurance Act and any Regulations or guidelines made thereunder or any amendments thereto which may be made from time to time. CAP. 269. Dated this ................... day of ............................... 2 .......... by its Director/Secretary or other duly authorised person. Signed ........................................ Position ...................................... Witness: Name .......................................... Occupation ................................. __________ International Insurance 25 SCHEDULE I FORM 3 [regulation 3(2)(a)] APPLICATION FOR REGISTRATION AS A PRINCIPAL INSURANCE REPRESENTATIVE Please complete all sections as fully as possible giving reasons for any non-completion and attaching suitably identified appendices, where applicable. 1. Full name of applicant __________________________ 2. Address in Belize of applicant’s (a) Principal Office _______________________ _________________________ _________________________ (b) Registered Office ______________________ _________________________ _________________________ 3. Attach copy of applicant’s Memorandum and Articles of Association as Exhibit I. (a) Are bearer shares prohibited? ( ) YES ( ) NO (Indicate clause prohibiting) (b) Authorised share capital $ ............................... (c) Fully paid up capital $..................................... 4. Names and addresses of applicant company’s beneficial owners, shareholders, directors and officers: 26 International Insurance (N.B. Minimum of 2 directors of whom one must be resident in Belize) (a) Beneficial owners and % shares held ______ ____________________________________ (b) Shareholders and % shares held __________ ____________________________________ (c) Directors ____________________________ ____________________________________ (d) Officers Chief Executive Officer _____________________ Executive Staff ____________________________ ________________________________________ ________________________________________ 5. Evidence of in-force professional indemnity insurance cover having been effected for a minimum liability of US$100,000.00 (Maximum deductible US$5,000.00) is supplied herewith and must at all times be maintained in force by applicant after registration. (No certificate of registration will be released without evidence having been provided to the Supervisor indicating that such cover has been effected.) (a) Carrier: _____________________________ (b) Period to which cover applies: From _______________________________ To _________________________________ (c) Policy No. ___________________________ OR (d) Date of issue _________________________ (Attach copy as Exhibit II) International Insurance 27 6. List of Registered International Insurers who will be represented by applicant. Registered Insurer Registration No. ______________________ ________________________ ______________________ ________________________ ______________________ ________________________ 7. Attach Signed Business Plan with financial projections for first 5 years of applicant’s operations identifying types of insurance business to be represented, main source of business, anticipated premium income to be generated and expected earnings to be realised. (Attach as Exhibit III) 8. Amount of registration fee enclosed US$ ....................... ( ) Cheque ( ) Cash or supply evidence of payment of such fee having been made to appropriate authority. ID No./Receipt particulars and date ................................ I/We hereby confirm that all particulars provided above and in the documents accompanying this application or otherwise furnished in support hereof are true and correct and confirm that if this application is granted I/we shall at all times comply with the requirements and provisions of the International Insurance Act and any Regulations or guidelines made thereunder or any amendments thereto which may be made from time to time. CAP. 269. for Applicant 28 International Insurance This…………day of……………………………… Witness Name ________________________ _______________________ Address ______________________ _______________________ Date _________________________ __________ International Insurance 29 SCHEDULE I S.I. 16 of 2017. FORM 4 [regulation 3(2)(a)] APPLICATION FOR REGISTRATION AS INTERNATIONAL INSURANCE BROKER Please complete all sections as fully as possible giving reasons for any non-completion and attaching suitably identified appendices, where applicable. 1. Full name of applicant _____________________________________________ 2. Address in Belize of applicant’s (a) Principal Office _________________________________________ _________________________________________ _________________________________________ (b) Registered Office _________________________________________ _________________________________________ _________________________________________ 3. Attach copy of applicant’s Memorandum and Articles of Association as Exhibit I. (a) Are bearer shares prohibited? () YES () NO (Indicate clause prohibiting) (b) Authorised share capital $ ............................... (c) Fully paid up capital ........................................ 30 International Insurance 4. Names and addresses of applicant company’s beneficial owners, shareholders, directors and officers: (N.B. Minimum of 1 director of whom one must be resident in Belize; all persons listed must complete the Biographical Affidavit.) (a) Beneficial owners and % shares held ___________________________________ (b) Shareholders and % shares held ___________________________________ (c) Directors ___________________________________ (d) Officers Chief Executive Officer _________________________________ Executive Staff _________________________________ 5. Evidence on in-force professional indemnity insurance cover having been effected for a minimum of US$ 100,000.00 (Maximum deductible US$ 5.000.00) is supplied herewith and must at all times be maintained in force by applicant after registration: (No certificate of registration will be released without evidence having been provided to the Supervisor indicating that such cover has been effected.) International Insurance 31 (a) Carrier ______________________________ (b) Period to which cover applies: ____________ (c) Policy No. ___________________________ (d) Date of issue __________________________ (Attach copy as Exhibit II) 6. Attach Signed Business Plan with financial projections for first 3 years of applicant’s operations, main source of business, anticipated commission to be generated and expected earnings to be realized. (Attach as Exhibit III) 7. Amount of registration fee enclosed US$ ....................... ( ) Cheque ( ) Cash or supply evidence of payment of such fee having been made to appropriate authority ID No./Receipt particulars and date ................................ I/We hereby confirm that all particulars provided above and in the documents accompanying this application or otherwise furnished in support hereof are true and correct and confirm that if this application is granted I/we shall at all times comply with the requirements and provisions of the International Insurance Act and any Regulations or guidelines made thereunder or any amendments thereto which may be made from time to time. CAP. 269. _________________________ for Applicant this……………day of……………………………. 32 International Insurance Witness Signature: _________________________________________ Name: ____________________________________________ Address: __________________________________________ Date: _____________________________________________ __________ International Insurance 33 SCHEDULE II S.I. 16 of 2017 [regulation 3(2)(b)] BIOGRAPHICAL AFFIDAVIT (Print or Type) 1. Affiant’s Full Name: ___________________________ 2. Other names used at any time _____________________ 3. Have you ever had your name changed? □ Yes □ No If “Yes”, (a) provide previous name(s) and (b) give the reason for the change: 4. Affiant’s Identification No. applied to Government Record Systems. Two certified copies of picture ID must be submitted. The documents must be current and valid. Document Number of Document Date of issuance Country of issuance Social Security Passport National Health Insurance Other, specified 5. Date of Birth ___________ (DD/MM/YYYY) 6. Place of Birth _____________ include District/State and Country) 7. Nationality: _________________ Indicate how acquired. □ Birth □ Naturalisation □ Marriage 34 International Insurance □ Other, specify _____________________ 8. Spouse’s Name: ____________________ 9. Affiant’s Address: __________________ Physical Address Telephone No. Fax No. Email Address Residential Business 10. List your residences for the last ten (10) years Dates Street Address Town/City Country International Insurance 35 11. Academic & Professional Qualifications Supervisor of Insurance reserves the right to request certified copies of certificates if deemed necessary. Professional or Academic Qualifications Name of Institution Year Obtained Country 12. List memberships in Professional Societies and Associations (current & past). 13. Present Occupation or employment. Name or Professional Society or Association Date of initial Membership Date of Termination of Membership Reason for Termination Position Held: _______________________ (Official Job Title) Name of Employer: __________________________________ Date of appointment: _________________________________ 36 International Insurance 14. List complete employment record (up to and including present jobs, positions, directorships or officerships) for the past ten (10) years. Dates Employer’s Name Employer’s Address Employer’s Nature of Business Position(s) Held 15. Two letters of reference must be submitted, one of which must be from the immediate past employer. Name of Immediate Past Employer: ____________________________________________ 16. List Names, Addresses, Phone/fax numbers of persons providing written references and other persons who could be contacted to provide additional references. Name Address Phone Email/Fax Indicate if (a) Present employer may be contacted. □ Yes □ No International Insurance 37 (b) Former employers may be contacted. □ Yes □ No 17. A recent and valid copy of the Police Record must be submitted. The Police Record must also be submitted from the last country/state of residence if there was a change in residence less than one (1) year. (a) Date of Police Record _____________________ (b) Place of Issue of Police Record ______________ 18. Have you ever been in a position which required a fidelity bond? □ Yes □ No If yes, has any claim ever been made on the bond, give details. 19. Have you ever been denied a fidelity bond or had a bond cancelled or revoked? □ Yes □ No If "‘yes’, give details. 20. List any professional, occupational, and vocational licences issued by any public or governmental licensing agency or regulatory authority which you currently hold or have held in the past. (State date licence issued, issuer of licence, date terminated, reasons for termination.) Type of Licence Or Membership Name of Agency/ Professional Body issuing Date Licence Date of Termination of Licence or Reason for Termination of Licence or Issued or Membership Accepted Membership Membership Licence or Membership 38 International Insurance 21. During the last ten (10) years, have you ever been refused a professional, occupational, or vocational licence by any public or governmental licensing agency or regulatory authority, or has any such licence held by you ever been suspended or revoked? □ Yes □ No If “yes’, give details. 22. List any companies, partnerships, and unincorporated association where you are now or have been within the last 10 years (indicate) as shareholder/member, director, chief executive officer, or senior management. Name of Nature of Number Percent- Commence- Country of Company, Relation- of shares age of ment & Incorpor- Partnership, ship with or stock Owner- Termination ation or Un- Entity held ship Dates of Formation incorporated with with Relationship of Entity Association Entity Entity If any of the shares or stock (where applicable) are pledged or hypothecated in any way, give details. International Insurance 39 23. Will you or members of your immediate family subscribe to or own, beneficially or of record, shares or stock of the applicant company or its affiliates? □ Yes □ No If any of the shares or stock are pledged or hypothecated in any way, give details. 24. Have you ever been adjudged a bankrupt by a court in any jurisdiction? □ Yes □ No If “yes”, please supply particulars. 25. Have you failed to satisfy any debt adjudged due and payable by you as a judgement-debtor under any order of a court or other tribunal in any jurisdiction? □ Yes □ No If “yes”, please provide details. 26. Have you, in connection with the formation, control or management of any company, partnership, or unincorporated association been adjudged by a court, in any jurisdiction, civilly liable for any fraud, misfeasance, or any misconduct by you towards such a body or company or towards any members thereof? □ Yes □ No If “yes”, please provide details. 27. Have you ever been convicted or had a sentence imposed or suspended or had pronouncement of a sentence suspended or pardoned for conviction of or pleaded guilty or nolo contendere to any information or indictment charging any felony, or charging a misdemeanour involving embezzlement, theft, larceny, or mail fraud, or charging a violation of any corporate securities law or any insurance law, or banking or financial institutions law or have you been the subject of any disciplinary proceedings of any governmental or state regulatory agency? □ Yes □ No If “Yes” give details. 40 International Insurance 28. Has any company or financial institution been charged allegedly as a result of any action or conduct on your part? □ Yes □ No If “Yes” give details. 29. Have you ever been an officer, director, trustee, investment committee member, key employee, or controlling stockholder of any company, partnership or unincorporated association which, while you occupied any such position or capacity with respect to it, became insolvent or was placed under supervision or in receivership, rehabilitation, liquidation or conservatorship? □ Yes □ No If “Yes”, give details including names and dates. 30. Has the licence of any company, partnership, unincorporated association of which you were an officer or director or key management person ever been suspended or revoked while you occupied such position? □ Yes □ No If “Yes”, give details. 31. Have you, anywhere, been dismissed from any office or employment or barred from entry to any profession or occupation? □ Yes □ No If “Yes”, give details. 32. In carrying out your duties will you be acting on the directions or instructions of any other person? □ Yes □ No If “Yes”, give details. I, _______________________ hereby certify, under penalty of perjury or other liability for falsehood, that I am acting on my own behalf, and that the foregoing statements are true and correct to the best of my knowledge and belief. I undertake that as long as I continue to be _________________ of an insurance International Insurance 41 company/insurance agent licensed or registered under the International Insurance Act, I will notify the Supervisor of Insurance of any material changes affecting the completeness of the answers to questions above. _________________ ________________________ (Date) (Signature of Affiant) CAP. 269. Country of _____________________ District/State of _________________ Personally appeared before me the above-named ___________ ___________________ , who is personally known to me, being duly sworn, deposes and says that he/she executed the above instrument and that the statements and answers contained therein are true and correct to the best of his/her knowledge and belief. Subscribed and sworn to before me this _________ day of _______________ 20 _____ . (Notary Public for Documents of persons non-resident in Belize) (Justice of the Peace for Documents of persons resident in Belize only) Name of Notary Public/Justice of the Peace: _______________ Address of Notary Public/Justice of the Peace: _____________ My Commission Expires ______________________________ __________ 42 International Insurance SCHEDULE III [regulations 6 and 12(a)] Fees Classification Application Fee Annual Licence Fee US$ US$ (Pro-rated in first year of registration from date of registration to end of calendar year) (a) International Insurers (i) Long-term Insurer ...... $500 ... $2,000 (ii) General Insurer .......... $500 ... $2,000 (iii) Reinsurer or captive insurer exempted under sections 15(6), 23(2) of the Act ......... $250 ... $250 (iv) Other reinsurer ........... $500 ... $1,000 (v) Captive insurer ........... $500 ... $1,500 (b) Insurance Manager ............ $500 ........ $2,500 (c) Principal Insurance Representative ................... $300 ........ $1,500 __________ International Insurance 43 SCHEDULE IV [regulation 7] FORM OF CERTIFICATE OF REGISTRATION Certificate of Registration No ........................... .................................................................................................... is hereby registered under the International Insurance Act, to carry on or transact business as: CAP. 269. ( ) international insurer ( ) insurance manager ( ) principal insurance representative under section 7 of the Act in or from within Belize for the period ...................... to ......................... subject to the provisions of the International Insurance Act and Regulations and any guidelines issued thereunder and to the condition that the registrant shall notify the Supervisor of International Insurance of any change in the information previously supplied by the registrant. (Categories of business for which registered) ( ) long-term insurance business ( ) general insurance business ( ) reinsurance business ( ) captive insurance business (SUPERVISOR OF INTERNATIONAL INSURANCE) __________ 44 International Insurance SCHEDULE V [regulation 12(d)] Minimum Solvency Calculation Certificate (International General Insurance Business) 1. Name of Registered Insurer ............................................. .................................................................................................... 2. Financial year or period to which Calculation Certificate relates ......................................................................................... 3. Have insurer’s directors signed as approving the relevant Audited Financials? .................................................................................................... .................................................................................................... ( ) YES ( ) NO If “NO” please explain reasons for them not doing so. (Attach appendix if necessary) 4. a) Insurer’s total permitted assets (as defined in Regulation 5) $ .............................. b) Insurer’s liabilities $ .............................. c) Insurer’s actual surplus (a)-(b) $ ............................... d) Insurer’s net retained premium income (Gross premium income less reinsurance premium paid) $ ................................... e) 20% of (d) $ ....................................... f) percentage of (c) above to (e) above ......................% This .............. day of ...................................... , ........... Independent Auditor(s) __________ International Insurance 45 SCHEDULE VI [regulation 12(e)] Actuary’s Certificate of Solvency (Long-Term Insurance Business) I/We ............................................................................................ of ................................................................................................. do hereby certify as follows 1. That I am/We are the duly appointed and approved independent actuary/actuaries of ................................................ (“the company”) (Name of Registered Insurer) which is currently registered under the International Insurance Act, to carry on long-term insurance business in or from within Belize. CAP. 269. 2. That to the best of my/our knowledge and belief the company’s permissible assets exceed the company’s liabilities in all classes of its business by at least the minimum solvency margin specified in Regulation 4(b) as at the end of the company’s financial year ending 3. That the last full-scale triennial actuarial valuation of the company was conducted with respect to the period ending ...................................... and I/we are not aware of any events which have since occurred which would adversely affect the company’s solvency since that valuation. 4. I/We also declare that taking into account the position reported in the company’s last audited financial report and the company’s business in general I/we consider the company’s current reinsurance arrangements to be adequate, satisfactory and appropriate. Independent Actuary 46 International Insurance This .................. day of ............................................ , 2 .......... N.B. In the year in which the Company’s triennial actuarial valuation falls due, this statement shall be accompanied by a copy of the Independent Actuary’s Valuation Report signed by the Independent Actuary. __________