Citation and Commencement

(1) This Order may be cited as the Colonial Air Navigation (2) This Order shall come into operation on the 8th day of December,1961. W. G. Agnew. 416 Civil Aviation FIRST SCHEDULE Part A Article 2 (6), 19 (1) and 81 (8) { { { Free Ballon Non-mechanically driven Captive Balloon Lighter than air aircraft Mechanically driven {Airship { Non-mechanically driven { Aircraft Glider Kite Mechanically driven { Heavier than air aircraft Civil Aviation 417 Part B Article 3 (2) NATIONALITY AND REGISTRATION MARKS OF AIRCRAFT REGISTERED IN THE COLONY 1. The nationality mark of the aircraft shall be a group of two capital letters in Roman character, and the registration mark of the aircraft shall be a group of three capital letters in Roman character, assigned by the Governor on the registration of the aircraft. The letters shall be without ornamentation and a hyphen shall be placed between the nationality mark and the registration mark. 2. The nationality and registration marks shall be painted on the aircraft or shall be affixed thereto by any other means ensuring a similar degree of permanence in the following mannerI Position of Marks. (a) Flying Machines and Gliders (i) wings: Except on aircraft having no fixed wing surface, the marks shall appear once on the upper surface of the wings structure and once on the lower surface of the wing structure. They shall be on the right half of the upper surface and on the left half of the lower surface of the wing structure unless they extend across the whole of both the upper and lower surfaces of the wing structure. So far as possible the marks shall be located equidistant from the leading and trailing edges of the wings. The tops of the letters shall be towards the leading edge of the wing. 418 Civil Aviation (ii) Fuselage (or equivalent structure) or Vertical Tail Surface: The marks shall also be either on each side of the fuselage (or equivalent structure) between the wings and the tail surfaces, or on the upper halves of the vertical tail surfaces. When on a single vertical tail surface, they shall be on both sides of the tail. When there is more than one vertical tail surface, the marks shall appear on the outboard side of the outer tails. (b) Airships and Balloons (i) Airships: The marks shall be on each side of the airship and also on the upper surface on the line of symmetry. They shall be placed lengthwise near the maximum cross-section of the airship. (ii) Spherical Balloons: The marks shall be in two places diametrically opposite. They shall be placed near the maximum horizontal circumference of the balloon. (iii) Non-Spherical Balloons: The marks shall be on each side. They shall be placed near the maximum cross-section of the balloon immediately above either the rigging band or the points of attachment of the basket suspension cables. (iv) In the case of all airships and balloons the side marks shall be so placed as to be visible both from the sides and from the ground. Civil Aviation 419 (c) Flying Machines and Gliders II. Size of Marks. (i) Wings: The letters constituting each group of marks shall be of equal height. The height of the letters shall be at least 20 inches. (ii) Fuselage (or equivalent structure) or Vertical Tail Surfaces: The marks on the fuselage (or equivalent structure) shall not interfere with the visible outlines of the fuselage (or equivalent structure). The marks on the vertical tail surfaces shall be such as to leave a margin of at least two inches along each side of the vertical tail surface. The letters constituting each group of marks shall be of equal height. The height of the marks shall be at least 6 inches. (d) Airships and Balloons The letters constituting each group of marks shall be of equal height, The height of the letters shall be at least 30 inches. (e) The width of each letter (except the letter I) and the length of the hyphen between the nationality mark and registration mark shall be two-thirds of the height of a letter. III Width and Spacing of Marks. (f) The letters and hyphen shall be formed by solid lines and shall be of a colour clearly contrasting with the background on which they appear. The thickness of the lines shall be one-sixth of the height of a letter. (g) Each letter shall be separated from the letter which it immediately precedes or follows by 420 Civil Aviation a space equal to half the width of a letter. A hyphen shall be regarded as a letter for this purpose. 3. The nationality and registration marks shall be displayed to the best advantage, taking into consideration the constructional features of the aircraft and shall always be kept clean and visible. 4. In addition to the foregoing requirements of this Schedule the nationality and registration marks shall also be inscribed, together with the name and address of the registered owner of the aircraft, on a fireproof metal plate affixed in a prominent position to the fuselage or car or basket, as the case may be, and near the main entrance to the aircraft. Civil Aviation 421 SECOND SCHEDULE Articles 1 (1), 4 (1), 31 (5) and 55 (5) A AND B CONDITIONS The A conditions or the B conditions referred to in paragraph (1) of Article 1 and of Article 4, paragraph (5) of Article 31, and paragraph (5) of Article 55 of this Order are as followsA Conditions (1) The aircraft shall be either an aircraft in respect of which a certificate of airworthiness or validation has previously been in force under the provisions of the Order, or an aircraft identical in design with an aircraft in respect of which such a certificate is or has been in force. (2) The aircraft shall fly only for the purpose of enabling it to– (a) qualify for the issue or renewal of a certificate of airworthiness or of the validation thereof or the approval of a modification of the aircraft, after an application has been made for such issue, renewal, validation or approval, as the case may be; or (b) proceed to or from a place at which any inspection, test or weighing of the aircraft is to take place for a purpose referred to in sub- paragraph (a). (3) The aircraft and its engines shall be certified as fit for flight by the holder of a licence as an aircraft maintenance engineer entitled in accordance with the provisions of the Forth Schedule to this Order so to certify, or by a person approved by 422 Civil Aviation the Governor for the purpose of issuing certificates under this condition. (4) The aircraft shall carry the minimum flight crew specified in any certificate of airworthiness or validation which has previously been in force under this Order in respect of the aircraft, or is or has previously been in force in respect of any other aircraft of identical design. (5) The aircraft shall not carry any passengers or cargo except passengers performing duties in the aircraft in connection with the flight. (6) The aircraft shall not fly over any congested area of a city, town or settlement except to the extent that it is necessary to do so in order to take off from or land at a Government aerodrome or a licensed aerodrome in accordance with normal aviation practice. (7) Without prejudice to the provisions of paragraph (2) of Article 14 of this Order, the aircraft shall carry such flight crew as may be necessary to ensure the safety of the aircraft. B Conditions (1) The flight shall be made under the supervision of a person approved by the Governor for the purposes of these Conditions, and subject to any additional conditions which may be specified in such approval. (2) If it is not registered in the Colony on under the law of any country referred to in Article 1 of this Order, the aircraft shall be marked in a manner approved by the Governor for the purposes of these Conditions, and the provisions of Articles 10, 11, 15, 26, 29, 51 and 52 of this Order shall be complied with in relation to the aircraft as if it was registered in the Colony so far as such provisions are applicable to the aircraft in the circumstances. Civil Aviation 423 (3) The aircraft shall fly only for the purpose of– (a) experimenting with or testing the aircraft (including in particular its engines) and its equipment; or (b) enabling the aircraft to qualify for the issue or validation of a certificate of airworthiness or the approval of a modification of the aircraft; or (c) proceeding to or from a place at which any experiment, test, inspection or weighing of the aircraft is to take place for a purpose referred to in subparagraph (a) or (b). (4) The aircraft shall carry such flight crew as may be necessary to ensure the safety of the aircraft. (5) The aircraft shall not carry any passengers or cargo except passengers performing duties in the aircraft in connection with the flight. (6) The aircraft shall not fly over any congested area of a city, town or settlement except to the extent that it is necessary to do so in order to take off from or land at a Government aerodrome, a licensed aerodrome or in accordance with normal aviation practice, or at a place approved by the Governor under condition (1). 424 Civil Aviation THIRD SCHEDULE Article 5 1. Categories of Aircraft Transport Category (Passenger). Transport Category (Cargo). Aerial Work Category. Private Category. Special Category. 2. The purposes for which the aircraft may fly are as followsTransport Category (Passenger): Any purpose. Transport Category (Cargo): Any purpose, other than the public transport of passengers. Aerial Work Category: Aerial work only. Private Category: Any purpose other than public transport or aerial work. Special Category: Any other purpose specified in the certificate of airworthiness but not including the carriage of passengers unless expressly permitted. Civil Aviation 425 FOURTH SCHEDULE Article 8(2) MAINTENANCE ENGINEERS: PRIVILEGES OF LICENCES An aircraft maintenance engineer may, subject to the conditions of his licence, issue certificates as followsI. Aircraft Maintenance Engineers-Category A (Aircraft). In relation to aircraft (not including engines)– (a) certificates of maintenance in accordance with the maintenance schedules approved under this Order; (b) certificates of compliance in respect of inspections, repairs, replacements and modifications so approved; (c) certificates of fitness of aircraft for flight under “A conditions”. II. Aircraft Maintenance Engineers-Category B (Aircraft). In relation to aircraft (not including engines)- Certificates of compliance in respect of inspections, overhauls, repairs, replacements and modifications approved under this Order. III. Aircraft Maintenance Engineers-Category C (Engines). In relation to engines426 Civil Aviation (a) certificates of maintenance in accordance with the maintenance schedules approved under this Order; (b) certificates of compliance in respect of inspections, repairs, replacements and modifications so approved; (c) certificates of fitness of aircraft engines for flight under the “A Conditions”. IV. Aircraft Maintenance Engineers-Category D (Engines). In relation to enginesCertificates of compliance in respect of inspections, overhauls, repairs, replacements and modifications approved under this Order. Aircraft Maintenance EngineersCategory X (Compasses) Category X (Instruments) Category X (Electrical) Category X (Automatic Pilots). In relation respectively to compasses, instruments, electrical equipment or automatic pilots- (a) certificates of maintenance in accordance with the maintenance schedules approved under this Order; (b) certificates of compliance in respect of inspections, repairs, replacements and modifications so approved. V. Aircraft Radio Maintenance Engineers-Category A (Radio). Civil Aviation 427 In relation to aircraft radio stations– (a) certificates of maintenance in accordance with the maintenance schedules approved under this order; (b) certificates of compliance in respect of inspections, repairs, replacements and modifications so approved. VI. Aircraft Radio Maintenance Engineers-Category B (Radio) Certificates of compliance in respect of inspections, overhauls, repairs, replacements and modifications of any aircraft radio apparatus approved under this Order. 428 Civil Aviation FIFTH SCHEDULE Articles 7 (2) and 9 (2) AIRCRAFT EQUIPMENT 1. Every aircraft registered in the Colony shall be provided, when flying in the circumstances specified in the first column of the Table set forth in paragraph (4) of this Schedule, with the scales of equipment respectively indicated in that Table, provided that, if the aircraft is flying in combination of such circumstances the scales of equipment shall not on that account be required to be duplicated. 2. The equipment carried in an aircraft as being necessary for the airworthiness of the aircraft shall be taken into account in determining whether this Schedule is complied with in respect of that aircraft. 3. The following items of equipment shall not be required to be of a type approved by the Governor– (i) The equipment referred to in Scale A (ii). (ii) First Aid Equipment and Handbook, referred to in Scale B. (iii) Time-pieces, referred to in Scale F. (iv) Torches, referred to in Scales G, H and J. (v) Whistles, referred to in Scale H. (vi) Sea anchors, referred to in Scales I and J. Civil Aviation 429 (vii) Rocket signals, referred to in Scale I. (viii) Equipment for mooring, anchoring or manoeuvring aircraft on the water, referred to in Scale I. (ix) Paddles referred to in Scale J. (x) Food and water, referred to in Scale J. 430 Civil Aviation duplicated duplicated duplicated Extras E (iv) E (iv) E (iv) N M M L Scale of Equipment Required K J I H G F (i) only F F F F E E E E D D D D TABLE C C B B B B A A A A A A A A A Flying machines flying for purposes other than public when flying at night ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... outside controlled airspace ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... .. within controlled airspace ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... outside controlled airspace ... ... ... ... ... ... ... exceed 2,500 lbs. ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... when carrying out aerobatic manoeuvres ... ... ... ... .. on all other flights ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... . within controlled airspace ... ... ... ... ... ... ... in the case of flying machines of which the in the case of flying machines of which the maximum total weight authorised does not maximum total does not exceed 2,500 lbs. Flying machines flying for the purpose of public when flying under Instrument Flight Rules when flying under Instrument Flight Rules Aircraft and Circumstances of Flight when flying at night (a) (b) transport transport (ii) (ii) (i) (i) (a) (b) (d) (a) (b) (c) (1) (2) Civil Aviation 431 K J J I H H H G F (i) only F (i) only F (i) only F (i) only F (i) only D D D D D C B B B B B A A A A A maximum total weight authorised does not exceed 2,500 lbs. ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... .. when flying over water beyond gliding distance from when flying over water at such distance from the nearest land that, while flying in still air at the speed specified in the relevant certificate of airworthiness as the speed for compliance with regulations governing flights over water, it would be unable to in the case of an aeroplane classified in its certificate of airworthiness as being of in the case of an aeroplane having no performance classification in the certificate of airworthiness and of such weight and performance that it is capable of a gradient of climb of at least 1 in 200 at an altitude of 5,000 feet in the international standard atmosphere specified in, or ascertainable by reference to, the certificate of airworthiness in force in respect of in the case of all other flying machines30 minutes ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... when flying at a height of 10,000 feet or more above mean sea level ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... on all flights which involve manoeuvres on water ... land ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... . performance group A, C or X–90 minutes. reach the nearest land in the following times: that aircraft–90 minutes (iii) (ii) (i) (d) (c) (e) (f) 432 Civil Aviation Extras N N M M L L Scale of Equipment Required K J I H G G F (i) only F (i) F (i) only F (i) only F (i) only F (i) only F E D D D D D D C C C B B B B B B A (ii) only A A A A A A on flights when the weather reports or forecasts available at the aerodrome at the time of departure indicate that conditions favouring ice formation are likely to be met ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... when carrying out aerobatic manoeuvres ... ... ... ... ... crew of more than one person ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... on all other flights ... ... ... ... .... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... .. Gliders flying over for purposes other than public when flying by night ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... Gliders flying for the purpose of public transport or when outside controlled airspace under Instrument Flight Rules ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... when flying by night ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... on all flights on which the aircraft carries a flight Aircraft and Circumstances of Flight transport or aerial work aerial work (g) (h) (a) (a) (b) (i) (j) (3) (4) Civil Aviation 433 5. The scales of equipment indicated in the foregoing Table shall be as followsScale A (i) Spare fuses for all electrical circuits the fuses of which can be replaced in flight, consisting of 10 percent of the number of each rating or three of each rating, whichever is the greater; (ii) Maps, charts, codes and other documents and navigational equipment necessary, in addition to any other equipment required under this Order, for the intended flight of the aircraft, including any diversion which may reasonably be expected. (iii) Subject to Scale B (iii), a safety belt or safety harness for every seat in use. Scale B (i) First-Aid equipment of good quality, sufficient in quantity, having regard to the number of persons on board the aircraft, and including the following: Roller bandages, triangular bandages, absorbent gauze, adhesive plaster, white absorbent lint, cotton wool (or wound dressings in place of the lint and cotton wool), burn dressings, safety pins; 434 Civil Aviation Haemostatic bandages or tourniquet, scissors; Antiseptic, analgesic and stimulant drugs; A handbook on First Aid. (ii) In the case of a flying machine used for the public transport of passengers in which, while the flying machine is at rest on the ground, the sill of any external door intended for the disembarkation of passengers, whether normally or in an emergency, (a) is more than six feet from the ground when the undercarriage of the machine is in the normal position for taxying, or (b) would be more than six feet from the ground if the undercarriage or any part thereof should collapse, break or fail to function, apparatus readily available for use at each such door consisting of a device or devices which will enable passengers to reach the ground safely in an emergency while the flying machine is on the ground, and can be readily fixed in position for use. (iii) A safety harness for every pilot’s seat in use, in place of the safety belt referred to under Scale A, provided that the Governor may permit a safety belt to be fitted if he is satisfied that it is not reasonably practicable to fit a safety harness. Civil Aviation 435 (iv) If the commander cannot, from his own seat, see all the passengers’ seats in the aircraft, a means of indicating to the passengers that seat belts should be fastened. Scale C (i) Equipment for displaying the lights required by the Rules of the Air and Air Traffic Control; (ii) Electrical equipment, supplied from the main source of supply in the aircraft, to provide sufficient illumination to enable the flight crew properly to carry out their duties during flight; (iii) Unless the aircraft is equipped with radio, devices for making the visual signal specified in the Rules of the Air and Air traffic Control as indicating a request for permission to land. Scale D (i) Either– (a) a turn and slip indicator; or (b) a gyroscopic bank and pitch indicator and gyroscopic direction indicator; (ii) A sensitive pressure altimeter adjustable for changes in barometric pressure. Scale E 436 Civil Aviation (i) A turn and slip indicator; (ii) A gyroscopic bank and pitch indicator; (iii) A gyroscopic direction indicator; (iv) A sensitive pressure altimeter adjustable for changes in barometric pressure. Scale F (i) A timepiece with a sweep second hand; (ii) A means of indicating whether the power supply to the gyroscopic instruments is adequate; (iii) A rate of climb and descent indicator; (iv) If the maximum total weight authorised of the aircraft is more than 12,500 lb., a means of indicating the outside air temperature; (v) If the maximum total weight authorised of the aircraft is more than 12,500 lb., two air speed indicators. Scale G (i) Landing lights consisting of two single filament lamps, or one dual filament lamp with separately energised filaments; (ii) An electric light system to provide illumination in every passenger compartment; Civil Aviation 437 (iii) (a) If the aircraft, in accordance with its certificate of airworthiness, may carry more than nineteen persons over three years of age– two electric torches and an emergency lighting system to provide illumination in the passenger compartments sufficient to facilitate the evacuation of the aircraft notwithstanding the failure of the lighting system specified in sub- paragraph (ii); (b) In the case of any other aircraft, one electric torch for each member of the crew of the aircraft; (iv) In the case of an aircraft of which the maximum total weight authorised exceeds 12,500 lb., means of observing the existence and build up of ice on the aircraft. Scale H For each person on board, a lifejacket equipped with a whistle and waterproof torch, provided that lifejackets constructed and carried solely for the use by children under three years of age need not be equipped with a whistle. Scale I (i) Additional flotation equipment, capable of supporting one-fifth of the number of persons on board, and provided in a place of stowage accessible from outside the flying machine; 438 Civil Aviation (ii) Parachute distress rocket signals capable of making, from the surface of the water, the pyrotechnical signal of distress specified in the Rules of the Air and Air Traffic Control and complying with Part III of the Thirteenth Schedule to the Merchant Shipping (Life Saving Appliances) Rules, 1958(a); (iii) A sea anchor and other equipment necessary to facilitate mooring, anchoring or manoeuvring the flying machine on water, appropriate to its size, weight, and handling characteristics. Scale J (i) Dinghies sufficient to accommodate all persons on board the flying machine with the following equipment– (a) means for maintaining buoyancy; (b) a sea anchor; (c) life lines, and means of attaching one dinghy to another; (d) paddles or other means of propulsion; (e) means of protecting the occupants from the elements; (f) a waterproof torch; (g) marine type pyrotechnical distress signals; (h) means of making sea water drinkable; Civil Aviation 439 (i) for each person the dinghy is designed to carry: (A) 8 ounces of glucose toffee tablets; (B) 4 ounces of sweetened condensed milk in durable containers; (C) 2 pints of fresh water in durable containers, provided that in any case in which it is not reasonably practicable owing to lack of stowage space in the dinghy to carry the quantities of condensed milk and water above prescribed, an equal quantity by weight of glucose toffee tablets may be substituted for the former and as large a quantity of fresh water as is reasonably practicable in the circumstances may be substituted for the latter. In no case however shall the quantity of water carried be less than is sufficient, when added to the amount of fresh water capable of being produced by means of the equipment specified in item (h) of this sub-paragraph, to provide 2 pints of water for each person the dinghy is designed to carry; (j) first aid equipment. Items (f) to (j), inclusive, shall be contained in a pack stowed with the dinghy. (ii) For every four, or proportion of four, dinghies– one dinghy radio transmitter. Scale K (i) In every flying machine in which a pressure greater than 700 millibars is maintained throughout the flight in the control compartment and in every compartment in which passengers are carried440 Civil Aviation a supply of oxygen sufficient, in the vent of failure to maintain such pressure, for continuous use by all crew during the whole time in which, after such failure, the flying machine flies at a height over 10,000 feet above mean sea level, together with suitable and sufficient apparatus to enable the crew to use the oxygen. (ii) In any other flying machine– (a) a supply of oxygen sufficient for continuous use by all the crew and, if passengers are carried, by three-tenths of the number of passengers, during any time exceeding twenty minutes in which the flying machine flies at a height over 10,000 feet but not over 13,000 feet above mean sea level, together with suitable and sufficient apparatus to enable such persons to use the oxygen; and (b) a supply of oxygen sufficient for continuous use by all persons on board during the whole time in which the flying machine flies at a height over 13,000 feet above mean sea level, together with suitable and sufficient apparatus to enable all such persons to use the oxygen. Scale L Civil Aviation 441 Equipment to prevent the impairment through ice formation of the functioning of the controls, means of propulsion, lifting surfaces, windows or equipment of the aircraft so as to endanger the safety of the aircraft. Scale M Safety harness for every seat in use. Scale N An intercommunication system for use by all members of the flight crew and including microphones, not of a hand-held type, for use by the pilot and flight engineer (if any). 442 Civil Aviation SIXTH SCHEDULE Article 10 RADIO APPARATUS TO BE CARRIED IN AIRCRAFT 1. Every aircraft registered in the Colony shall be provided, when flying in the circumstances specified in the first column of the Table set forth in paragraph (2) of this Schedule, with the scales of equipment respectively indicated in that Table, provided that, if the aircraft is flying in a combination of such circumstances the scale of equipment shall not on that account be required to be duplicated. 2. TABLE Aircraft and Circumstances of Flight Scale of Equipment Required A B C D (1) All Aircraft A B (a) when flying under Instrument Flight Rules within controlled airspace (b) where required by the Rules of the Air and Air Traffic Control to comply in whole or in part with Instrument Flight Rules in Visual Meteorological Conditions A* B* (c) when flying within any airspace in respect of which special rules may be prescribed by the said Rules in relation to a particular aerodrome, so as to require two- A* Civil Aviation 443 way radio communication with that aerodrome (2) All aircraft when flying for the purpose of public transportA B C D (a) under Instrument Flight Rules: (i) while making an approach to landing (ii) on all other occasions A B C (b) under Visual Flight Rules: A B (i) over a route on which navigation is not effected solely by visual reference to landmarks (ii) over water, beyond gliding A distance from any land *Unless the appropriate Air Traffic Control Unit otherwise permits in relation to the particular flight. 3. The scales of radio apparatus indicated in the foregoing Table shall be as followsScale A Radio apparatus capable of maintaining two-way communication with the appropriate aeronautical radio stations. Scale B 444 Civil Aviation Radio apparatus capable of enabling the aircraft to be navigated on the intended route. Scale C Radio apparatus capable of receiving from the appropriate aeronautical radio stations meteorological broadcasts relevant to the intended flight. Scale D Radio apparatus capable of receiving signals from one or more aeronautical radio stations on the surface to enable the aircraft to be guided to a point from which a visual landing can be made at the aerodrome at which the aircraft is to land. 4. All aircraft when flying to, from or over Berlin, Germany, shall be equipped with radio navigation apparatus appropriate to the route, including automatic direction finding apparatus and any one of the following– (i) apparatus which will enable the aircraft to be navigated by means of signals received from radio navigation land stations forming part of the Decca radio navigation system; or (ii) apparatus capable of giving both the visual and the aural indications of radio signals received from visual/aural radio ranges; or (iii) apparatus capable of giving visual indications of bearings of the aircraft by means of signals received from very high frequency omni-directional radio ranges. Civil Aviation 445 In this sub-paragraph “automatic directions finding apparatus” means radio navigation apparatus which automatically indicates the bearing of any radio station transmitting the signals received by such apparatus, and “visual/aural radio range” means a radio navigation land station the signals from which provide track guidance for aircraft along four paths, two of which are identifiable by visual, and two by aural indications at the receiving station in the aircraft. 446 Civil Aviation SEVENTH SCHEDULE Article 11 AIRCRAFT, ENGINE AND PROPELLER LOG BOOKS 1. Aircraft Log Book The following entries shall be included in the aircraft log book: (a) the name of the constructor, the type of the aircraft, the number assigned to it by the constructor and the date of the construction of the aircraft; (b) the nationality and registration marks of the aircraft; (c) the name and address of the operator of the aircraft; (d) particulars of the date and duration of each flight, or if more than one flight was made on one day, the number of flights and total duration of flights on that day; (e) particulars of all maintenance work carried out on the aircraft or its equipment; (f) particulars of any defects occurring in the aircraft or in any equipment required to be carried therein by or under this Order, and of the action taken to rectify such defects including a reference to the relevant entries in the technical log required by paragraphs (5) and (6) of Article 6 of this Order; Civil Aviation 447 (g) particulars of any overhauls, repairs, replacements and modifications relating to the aircraft or any such equipment as aforesaid, Provided that entries shall not be required to be made under sub-paragraphs (e), (f) and (g) in respect of any engine or variable pitch propeller. 2. Engine Log Book The following entries shall be included in the engine log book: (a) the name of the constructor, the type of the engine, the number assigned to it by constructor and the date of the construction of the engine; (b) the nationality and registration marks of each aircraft in which the engine is fitted; (c) the name and address of the operator of each such aircraft; (d) particulars of the date and duration of each occasion on which the engine is run in flight, or, if the engine is run on more than one occasion on one day, the number of occasions and the total duration of the running of the engine on that day; (e) particulars of all maintenance work done on the engine; (f) particulars of any defects occurring in the engine, and of the rectification of such defects, including a reference to the relevant entries in the technical log required by 448 Civil Aviation paragraph (5) and (6) of Article 6 of this Order; (g) particulars of all overhauls, repairs, replacements and modifications relating to the engine or any of its accessories. 3. Variable Pitch Propeller Log Book The following entries shall be included in the variable pitch propeller log book: (a) the name of the constructor, the type of the propeller, the number assigned to it by the constructor and the date of the construction of the propeller; (b) the nationality and registration marks of each aircraft, and the type and number of each engine, to which the propeller is fitted; (c) the name and address of the operator of each such aircraft; (d) particulars of the date and duration of each occasion on which the propeller is run in flight, or, if the propeller is run on more than one occasion on one day, the number of occasions and the total duration of the running of the propeller on that day; (e) particulars of all maintenance work done on the propeller; (f) particulars of any defects occurring in the propeller, and of the rectification of such defects, including a reference to the relevant entries in the technical log required by Civil Aviation 449 paragraphs (5) and (6) of Article 6 of this Order; (g) particulars of any overhauls, repairs, replacements and modifications relating to the propeller. 450 Civil Aviation EIGHTH SCHEDULE Article 14 (4) AREAS SPECIFIED IN CONNECTION WITH THE CARRIAGE OF FLIGHT NAVIGATORS AS MEMBER OF THE FLIGHT CREWS OF PUBLIC TRANSPORT AIRCRAFT The following areas are hereby specified for the purposes of paragraph (4) of Article 14 of this Order. Area A-Artic All that area north of latitude 66° 33’ north, excluding any part thereof lying within 300 nautical miles of Norway. Area B-Antarctic All that area south of latitude 50° south. Area C-Sahara All that area enclosed by rhumb lines joining successively the following points32° North latitude 03° West longitude 24° 14° 14° 14° 18° 28° east 24° 28° 28° 23° Civil Aviation 451 32° 03° west Area D-Arabian Desert All that area enclosed by rhumb lines joining successively the following point30° North latitude 38° East longitude 16° 46° 20° 52° 29° 43° 30° 38° Area E-South America (Central) All that area enclosed by rhumb lines joining successively the following points05° North latitude 75° West longitude 04° 60° 10° south 40° 30° 60° 30° 70° 18° 69° 14° 75° 05° 80° 452 Civil Aviation 05° north 75° Area F-South America (Patagonia) All that area enclosed by rhumb lines joining successively the following point50° South latitude 75° West longitude 40° 75° 40° 62° 50° 65° 50° 75° Area G-Pacific Ocean All that area enclosed by rhumb lines joining successively the following points50° South latitude 75° West longitude 20° 73° 05° “ 85° 05° north 80° 15° 105° 30° 125° 55° 140° 67° 180° Civil Aviation 453 60° 180° 20° 128° east 04° 128° 00° 160° 50° south 160° 50° 75° west excluding any part thereof lying 300 nautical miles of New Zealand. Area H-Australia All that area enclosed by rhumb lines joining successively the following point18° South latitude 123° East longitude 26° 118° 30° 118° 30° 145° 26° 145° 21° 140° 18° 123° Area I-Indian Ocean All that area enclosed by rhumb lines joining successively the following point454 Civil Aviation 50° South latitude 110° East longitude 20° 110° 13° 120° 10° 100° 18° north 89° 00° 80° 24° north 65° 05° south 43° 20° 60° 25° 60° 30° 35° 50° 35° 50° 110° Area J-Atlantic Ocean All that area enclosed by rhumb lines joining successively the following point50° South latitude 15° East longitude 05° 10° 02° north 05° 02° 10° west Civil Aviation 455 15° 25° 55° 15° 67° 40° 67° 60° 45° 45° 40° 63° 19° 63° 05° south 30° 50° 55° 50° 15° east 456 Civil Aviation NINTH SCHEDULE Article 16 FLIGHT CREW OF AIRCRAFT: LICENCES AND RATINGS PART A-LICENCES Minimum Age, Period of Validity, Privileges. 1. Student Pilots Student Pilot’s Licence (Flying Machines, Balloons and Airships) Minimum age-17 years Maximum Period of Validity (a) 24 months, if the holder is less than 40 years of age on the date on which the licence is granted or renewed; or (b) 12 months, if the holder is 40 years of age or more on that date. Privileges: The licence– (a) shall entitle the holder to fly as pilot in command of an aircraft for the purpose of becoming qualified for the grant or renewal of a pilot’s licence; (b) shall be valid only for flights within the Colony and within any other territory specified in the licence; Civil Aviation 457 (c) shall not entitle the holder to fly as pilot in command of an aircraft in which any passenger is carried; (d) shall be valid only for flights carried out in accordance with instructions given by a person holding a pilot’s licence granted under this Order, being a licence which includes a flying instructor’s rating or an assistant flying instructor’s rating entitling him to give instruction in flying the type of aircraft to be flown. 2. Flying Machine Pilots Private Pilot’s Licence (Flying Machines) Minimum age-17 years Maximum Period of Validity (a) 24 months, if the holder is less than 40 years of age on the date on which the licence is granted or renewed; or (b) 12 months, if the holder is 40 years of age or more on that date. Privileges–The licence– (i) shall entitle the holder to fly as pilot in command or co-pilot of a flying machine of any of the types specified in the aircraft rating included in the licence, when the aircraft is flying for any purpose other than public transport or aerial work; 458 Civil Aviation (ii) shall not entitle the holder to act as pilot in command by night while carrying any passenger in the aircraft unless a night rating is included in the licence, and unless an instrument rating is included therein or he has within the preceding 6 months carried out as pilot in command not less than 5 take-off and 5 landing at a time when the depression of the centre of the sun is not less than 12 degrees below the horizon. Commercial Pilot’s Licence (Flying Machines) Minimum Age-18 years Maximum Period of Validity-6 months.* Privileges: In addition to the privileges given above for the Private Pilot’s licence, the holder of the licence shall be entitled to fly as– (i) pilot in command of any flying machine of which the maximum total weight authorised does not exceed 12,500 lb, and of a type specified in Part I of the aircraft rating included in the licence, when the flying machine is engaged in a flight for the purpose of public transport or aerial work: Provided that he shall not fly such an aircraft on a scheduled journey unless his licence includes an instrument rating; * *In respect of the privileges of a Private Pilot’s Licence the maximum period validity shall be as given for that licence. Civil Aviation 459 (ii) co-pilot of any flying machine of a type specified in Part 1 or Part 2 of such aircraft rating: Provided that he shall not fly under instrument flight rules in controlled airspace as co-pilot of a flying machine required by or under this Order to carry more than one pilot unless his licence includes an instrument rating, provided also that the holder of the licence shall not fly as pilot in command on a flight carrying passengers at night unless an instrument rating is included in his licence or he has within the immediately preceding 90 days carried out as pilot in command not less than 5 take-offs and 5 landings at a time when the depression of the centre of the sun is not less than 12 degrees below the horizon. Senior Commercial Pilot’s Licence (Flying Machine) Minimum age-21 years Maximum Period of Validity-6 months* Privileges: In addition to the privileges given above for the Private Pilot’s Licence, the holder of the licence shall be entitled to fly– (i) as pilot in command of any flying machine of which the maximum total weight authorised does not exceed 30,000 lb. and of a type specified in Part 1 of the aircraft rating included in the licence; * *In respect of the privileges of a Private Pilot’s Licence the maximum period validity shall be as given for that licence. 460 Civil Aviation (ii) as co-pilot of any flying machine of a type specified in Part 1 or Part 2 of such aircraft rating. Airline Transport Pilot’s Licence (Flying Machines) Minimum age-21 years Maximum Period of Validity-6 months.* Privileges: In addition to the privileges given above for the Private Pilot’s Licence, the holder of the licence shall be entitled to fly– (i) as pilot in command of any flying machine of a type specified in Part 1 of the aircraft rating included in the licence; (ii) as co-pilot of any flying machine of a type specified in Part 1 or Part 2 of such aircraft rating. 3. balloon and Airship Pilots Private Pilot’s Licence (Balloons and Airstrips) Minimum age-17 years Maximum Period of Validity (a) 24 months, if the holder is less than 40 years of age on the date on which the licence is granted or renewed; or * In respect of the privileges of a Private Pilot’s Licence the maximum period of validity shall be as given for that licence. Civil Aviation 461 (b) 12 months, if the holder is 40 years of age or more on that date. Privileges: the holder of the licence shall be entitled to fly, when the balloon or airship is flying for any purpose other than public transport or aerial work, as (a) 24 months, if the holder is less than 40 years of age on the date on which the licence is granted or renewed; or (b) 12 months, if the holder is 40 years of age or more on that date. Privileges: The holder of the licence shall be entitled to fly, when the balloon or airship is flying for any purpose other than public transport or aerial work, as (i) pilot in command of any type of balloon or airstrip specified in Part 1 of the aircraft type rating included in the licence; (ii) co-pilot of any type balloon or airstrip specified in Part 1 or Part 2 of such aircraft rating. Commercial Pilot’s Licence (Balloons) Minimum age-18 years. Maximum Period of Validity-6 months.* * In respect of the privileges of a Private Pilot’s Licence the maximum period of validity shall be as given for that licence. 462 Civil Aviation Privileges: In addition to the privileges given above for the Private Pilot’s Licence in respect of balloons, the holder of the licence shall be entitled to fly as pilot in command or co-pilot of any type of balloon specified in the aircraft rating included in the licence. Commercial’s Pilot’s Licence (Airships) Minimum age-18 years. Maximum Period of Validity-6 months.* Privileges: In addition to the privileges given above for the Private Pilot’s Licence in respect of airships, the holder of the licence shall be entitled to fly as- (i) pilot in command of any airship of a type specified in Part 1 of the aircraft rating included in the licence; (ii) co-pilot of any airship of a type specified in Part 2 of such aircraft rating. 4. Glider Pilots Commercial Pilot’s Licence (Gliders) Minimum age-18 years Maximum Period of Validity-6 months. Privileges: The holder of the licence shall be entitled to fly as pilot in command or co-pilot of- * In respect of the privileges of a Private Pilot’s Licence the maximum period of validity shall be as given for that licence. Civil Aviation 463 (a) any glider of which the maximum total weight authorised does not exceed 1,500 lb.; (b) any glider of which the maximum total weight authorised exceeds 1,500 lb. and which is of a type specified in the rating included in the licence. 5. Other Flight Crew Flight Navigator’s Licence Minimum age-21 years. Maximum Period of Validity-12 months. Privileges: The holder of the licence shall be entitled to act as flight navigator in any aircraft. Flight Engineer’s Licence Minimum age-21 years. Maximum Period of Validity-12 months. Privileges: the holder of the licence shall be entitled to act as flight engineer in any type of aircraft specified in the aircraft rating included in the licence. Flight Radiotelephony Operator’s General Licence Minimum age-18 years. Maximum Period of Validity-24 months. Privileges: The holder of the licence shall be entitled to operate radiotelephony apparatus in any aircraft. 464 Civil Aviation Flight Radiotelephony Operator’s Restricted Licence Minimum age-17 years. Maximum Period of Validity-24 months. Privileges: The holder of the licence shall be entitled to operate radiotelephony apparatus in any aircraft if the stability of the frequency radiated by the transmitter is maintained automatically but shall not be entitled to operate the transmitter, or to adjust its frequency, except, by the use of external switching devices. Flight Radiotelegraphy Operator’s Licence Maximum age-20 years. Minimum Period of Validity -12 months. Privileges: The holder of the licence shall be entitled to operate radiotelegraphy and radiotelephony apparatus in any aircraft. Flight Radiotelegraphy Operator’s Temporary Licence Minimum age-18 years. Maximum Period of Validity-12 months. Privileges: The holder of the licence shall be entitled to operate radiotelegraphy and radiotelephony apparatus in any aircraft under the supervision of a person who is the holder of a flight radiotelegraphy operator’s licence. PART B-RATINGS 1. The following ratings may be included in a pilot’s licence (other than a student pilot’s licence) granted under Part III of Civil Aviation 465 this Order, and, subject to the provisions of this Order and of the licence, the inclusion of a rating in a licence shall have the consequences respectively specified as followsAircraft Rating. The licence shall entitle the holder to act as pilot only of aircraft of the types specified in the aircraft rating and different types of aircraft may be specified in respect of different privileges of a licence. Instrument Rating (Flying Machines) shall entitle the holder of the licence to act as pilot of a flying machine flying in controlled airspace in accordance with the Instrument Flight Rules, provided that the holder shall not be so entitled unless the licence bears a certificate, signed by a person authorised by the Governor for that purpose, indicating that the holder has, within the previous13 months, passed an instrument flying test conducted by that person. Night Rating (private Pilot’s Licence-Flying Machines) shall entitle the holder of a private pilot’s licence to act as pilot in command of a flying machine carrying passengers by night. Towing Rating (Flying Machines) shall entitle the holder of the licence to act as pilot of a flying machine while towing a glider in flight for the purpose of public transport or aerial work. Flying Instructor’s Rating shall entitle the holder of the licence to give instruction in flying aircraft of such types as may be specified in the rating for that purpose. The maximum period of validity of a flying instructor’s rating shall be 12 months. Assistant Flying Instructor’s Rating shall entitle the holder of the licence to give instruction in flying aircraft of such types as may be specified in the rating for that purpose, provided that466 Civil Aviation (a) such instruction shall only be given under the supervision of a person present during the take-off and landing at the aerodrome at which the instruction is to begin and end and holding a pilot’s licence endorsed with flying instructor’s rating; and (b) an assistant flying instructor’s rating shall not entitle the holder of the licence to give directions to the person undergoing instruction in respect of the performance by that person of– (i) his first solo flight; or (ii) his first solo flight by night; or (iii) his first solo cross-country flight otherwise than by night; or (iv) his first solo cross-country flight by night. The maximum period of validity of an assistant flying instructor’s rating shall be twelve months. 2. An aircraft rating may be included in every flight engineer’s licence. The licence shall entitle the holder to act as flight engineer only of aircraft of a type specified in the aircraft rating. 3. For the purposes of this Schedule“Solo flight” means a flight on which the pilot of the aircraft is not accompanied by a person holding a pilot’s licence granted or rendered valid under this Order. “Cross-country flight” means any flight during the course of which the aircraft is more than 3 miles from the aerodrome of departure. Civil Aviation 467 TENTH SCHEDULE Article 21 PUBLIC TRANSPORT-OPERATIONAL REQUIREMENTS PART A. OPERATIONS MANUAL Information and instructions relating to the following matters shall be included in the operations manual referred to in paragraph (2) of Article 21 of this Order– (i) the number of the crew to be carried in the aircraft, on each stage of any route to be flown, and the respective capacities in which they are to act, and instructions as to the order and circumstances in which command is to be assumed by members of the crew; (ii) the respective duties of each member of the crew and the other members of the operating staff, including the method of supervision of flight operations; (iii) the particulars referred to in paragraph (7) of Article 45 of this Order; (iv) such technical particulars (not being particulars contained in a flight manual forming part of the certificate of airworthiness) concerning the aircraft, its engines and equipment and concerning the performance of the aircraft as may be necessary to enable the flight crew of the aircraft to perform their respective duties; 468 Civil Aviation (v) the manner in which the quantities of fuel and oil to be carried by the aircraft are to be computed and records of fuel and oil carried and consumed on each stage of the route to be flown are to be maintained; the instructions shall take account of all circumstances likely to be encountered on the flight including the possibility of failure of one or more of the aircraft engines; (vi) the check system to be followed by the crew or more of the aircraft prior to and on take-off, on landing and in an emergency, so as to ensure that the operating procedures contained in the operations manual and in the flight manual or performance schedule forming part of the relevant certificate of airworthiness are complied with; (vii) the circumstances in which a radio watch is to be maintained; (viii) the circumstances in which oxygen is to be used by the crew of the aircraft, and by passengers; (ix) communication, search and rescue facilities, navigational aids, aerodromes, local regulations, in-flight procedures, instrument approach and landing procedures and such other information as the operator may deem necessary for the proper conduct of flight operations; the information referred to in this paragraph shall be contained in a route guide, which may be in the form of a separate volume; Civil Aviation 469 (x) the reporting in flight to the appropriate authorities of information relating to hazardous and other weather conditions experienced; (xi) the minimum altitudes for safe flight on each stage of the route to be flown and any planned diversion therefrom, such minimum altitudes being not lower than any which may be applicable under the law of the Colony or of the countries whose territory is to be flown over; (xii) such matters as may be prescribed relating to weather conditions for take- off and landing; (xiii) emergency flight procedures, including procedures for the instruction of passengers in the position and use of emergency equipment, procedures for the reporting to search and rescue agencies of particulars of emergency and survival equipment carried on board the aircraft, and procedures to be adopted when the commander of the aircraft becomes aware that another aircraft or a vessel is in distress and needs assistance, provided that in relation to any flight which is not one of a series of flights between the same two places it shall be sufficient if, to the extent that it is not practicable to comply with paragraphs (ix), (xi) and (xii), the manual contains such information and instructions as will enable the equivalent data to be ascertained before take-off. 470 Civil Aviation Article 22 PART B. CREW TRAINING AND TESTS 1. The training, experience, practice and periodical tests required under paragraph (2) of Article 22 of this Order in the case of members of the crew of an aircraft engaged on a flight for the purpose of public transport shall be as follows– (1) The crew Every member of the crew shall- (a) have been tested within the relevant period by or on behalf of the operator as to his knowledge of the use of the emergency and life saving equipment required to be carried in the aircraft on the flight; and (b) have practised within the relevant period under the supervision of the operator or of a person appointed by him for the purpose the carrying out of the duties required of him in the case of an emergency occurring to the aircraft, either in an aircraft of the type to be used on the flight or in apparatus approved by the Governor for the purpose and controlled by persons so approved. (2) Pilots (a) every pilot included in the flight crew who is intended by the operator to fly as pilot in conditions requiring compliance with Instrument Flight Rules (which conditions are hereafter in this Schedule referred to as “IMC”) within the relevant period have been tested by or on behalf of the operator as to his Civil Aviation 471 competence to perform his duties in an aircraft of the type to be used on the flight, including a test of his ability– (i) to execute normal and emergency manoeuvres and procedures in flight in such aircraft in IMC, actual or simulated, and (ii) to use in IMC, actual or simulated, the instruments and equipment provided for use in such conditions in the aircraft to be used on the flight. A pilot’s ability to carry out normal manoeuvres and procedures shall be tested in the aircraft in flight. The other tests required by this sub-paragraph may be conducted either in the aircraft in flight, or under the supervision of a person approved by the Governor for the purpose, by means of apparatus so approved in which flight conditions are simulated on the ground. (b) Every pilot included in the flight crew whose licence does not include an Instrument rating or who, notwithstanding the inclusion of such a rating in his licence, is not intended by the operator to fly as pilot in IMC, shall within relevant period have been tested, by or on behalf of the operator, in flight in an aircraft of the type to be used on the flight as to his competence to act as pilot thereof, including a test of his ability to execute normal and emergency manoeuvres and procedures. (3) Flight Engineers Every flight engineer included in the flight crew shall within the relevant period have been tested by or on behalf of the operator, either in flight, or, under the supervision of a person approved by the Governor for the purpose, by means of 472 Civil Aviation apparatus so approved in which flight conditions are simulated on the ground, as to his competence to perform the duties of flight engineer in aircraft of the type to be used on the flight, including his ability to execute emergency procedures in the course of such duties. (4) Flight Navigators and flight Radio Operators Every flight navigator and flight radio operator whose inclusion in the flight crew is required under paragraphs (4) and (5) respectively of Article 14 of this Order shall within the relevant period have been tested by or on behalf of the operator as to his competence to perform his duties in conditions corresponding to those likely to be encountered on the flight– (a) in the case of a flight navigator, using equipment of the type to be used in the aircraft on the flight for purposes of navigation; (b) in the case of a flight radio operator using radio equipment of the type installed in the aircraft to be used on the flight, and including a test of his ability to carry out emergency procedures. (5) Aircraft Commanders (a) The pilot designated as commander of the aircraft for the flight shall within the relevant period– (i) have demonstrated to the satisfaction of the operator that he has adequate knowledge of the route to be taken, the aerodromes of take-off and landing, and any alternate aerodromes, including in particular his knowledge ofthe terrain; Civil Aviation 473 the seasonal meteorological conditions; the meteorological, communications, and air traffic facilities, services and procedures; the search and rescue procedures; and the navigational facilities, relevant to the route; (ii) have been tested as to his proficiency in using instrument approach to land systems of the type in use at the aerodrome of intended landing and any alternate aerodromes, such tests being carried out either in flight in IMC or IMC simulated by means approved by the Governor, or under the supervision of a person approved by the Governor for the purpose by means of apparatus so approved in which flight conditions are simulated on the ground; (iii) have carried out as pilot in command not less than three take-offs and three landings in aircraft of the type to be used on the flight- (b) In determining whether a pilot’s knowledge of the matters referred to in sub-paragraph (a) (i) is sufficient to render him competent to perform the duties of aircraft commander on the flight, the operator shall take into account 474 Civil Aviation the pilots flying experience in conjunction with the following– (i) the experience of other members of the intended flight crew; (ii) the influence of terrain and obstructions on departure and approach procedures at the aerodromes of take-off and intended landing and at alternate aerodromes; (iii) the similarity of the instrument approach procedures and let-down aids to those with which the pilot is familiar; (iv) the dimensions of runways which may be used in the course of the flight in relation to the performance limits of aircraft of the type to be used on the flight; (v) the reliability of meteorological forecasts and the probability of difficult meteorological conditions in the areas to be traversed; (vi) the adequacy of the information available regarding the aerodrome of intended landing and any alternate aerodromes; (vii) the nature of air traffic control procedures and familiarity of the pilot with such procedures; (viii) the influence of terrain on route conditions and the extent of the assistance obtainable en route from Civil Aviation 475 navigational aids and air-to ground communication facilities; (xi) the extent to which it is possible for the pilot to become familiar with unusual aerodrome procedures and features of the route by means of ground instruction and training devices. (6) For the purposes of this Schedule, the expression “relevant period” means a period which immediately precedes the commencement of the flight, being a period– (a) in the case of sub-paragraph (5)(a)(iii) of this paragraph, of three months; (b) in the case of sub-paragraph (2), (3), and (5) (a) (ii) of this paragraph, of six months; (c) in the case of sub-paragraphs (1), (4) and (5) (a) (i) of this paragraph, of twelve months, provided that– (i) any pilot of the aircraft to whom the provisions of sub-paragraph (2) or (5) (a)(ii) and any flight engineer of the aircraft to whom the provisions of sub- paragraph (3) of this paragraph apply shall for the purposes of the flight be deemed to have complied with such requirements respectively within the relevant period if he has qualified to perform his duties in accordance therewith on two occasions within the period of twelve months immediately preceding the flight, such occasions being separated by an interval of not less than four months; 476 Civil Aviation (ii) the requirements of sub-paragraph (5) (a)(i) shall be deemed to have been complied with within the relevant period by pilot designated as commander of the aircraft for the flight if, having become qualified so to act on flights between the same places over the same route more than twelve months before commencement of the flight, he has within the period of twelve months immediately preceding the flight flown as pilot of an aircraft between those places over that route. 2.–(1) The records required to be maintained by an operator under paragraph (2) of Article 22 of this Order shall be accurate and up to date records so kept as to show, on any date, in relation to each person who has during the period of two years immediately preceding that date flown as a member of the crew of any public transport aircraft operated by that operator– (a) the date and particulars of each test required by this Schedule undergone by that person during the said period including the name and qualifications of the examiner; (b) the date upon which that person last practised the carrying out the duties referred to in paragraph 1 (1) (b) of this Schedule; (c) the operator’s conclusions based on each such test and practice as to that person’s competence to perform his duties; (d) the date and particulars of any decision taken by the operator during the said period in pursuance of paragraph 1 (5) (a) (i) of this Schedule including particulars of the evidence upon which that decision was based. Civil Aviation 477 (2) The operator shall whenever called upon to do so by any authorised person produce for the inspection of any person so authorised all records referred to in the preceding sub-paragraph and furnish to any such person all such information as he may require in connection with any such records and produce for his inspection all log books, certificates, papers and other documents whatsoever which he may reasonably require to see for the purpose of determining whether such records are complete or of verifying the accuracy of their contents. (3) The operator shall at the request of any person in respect of whom he is required to keep records as aforesaid furnish to that person, or to any operator of aircraft for the purpose of public transport by whom that person may subsequently be employed, particulars of any qualifications in accordance with this Schedule obtained by such person whilst in his service. 478 Civil Aviation ELEVENTH SCHEDULE Articles 51 and 52 DOCUMENTS TO BE CARRIED BY AIRCRAFT REGISTERED IN THE COLONY On a flight for the purpose of public transportDocuments A, B, C, D, E, F and, if the flight is international air navigation, Document G. On a flight for the purpose of aerial workDocuments A, B, C, D, E, F and, if the flight is international air navigation Document G. On a flight, being international air navigation, for a purpose other than public transport or aerial workDocuments A, B, C and G. For the purposes of this Schedule“A” means any licence to install and operate radio apparatus in the aircraft for the time being in force, and the current telecommunication log book required by this Order; “B’” means the certificate of airworthiness in force in respect of the aircraft; “C” means the licences of the members of the flight crew of the aircraft; “D” means one copy of the load sheet, if any, required by Article 23 of this Order in respect of the flight; Civil Aviation 479 “E” means one copy of each certificate of maintenance, if any, in force in respect of the aircraft; “F” means the technical log referred to in paragraph (7) of Article 6 of this Order; “G” means the certificate of registration in force in respect of the aircraft. For the purposes of this Schedule“International air navigation” means any flight in which a landing is made outside the Colony or State in which the aircraft commences the flight. 480 Civil Aviation TWELFTH SCHEDULE Article 56 RULES OF THE AIR AND AIR TRAFFIC CONTROL SECTION I INTERPRETATION 1. In these Rules, unless the context otherwise requires- “Aerodrome traffic zone” in relation to any aerodrome means the airspace extending from the aerodrome to a height of 2,000 feet above the level of the aerodrome and within a distance of 3,000 yards of its boundaries. “Air traffic control clearance” means authorisation by an air traffic control unit for an aircraft to proceed under conditions specified by that unit. “Anti-collision light” means a light fitted to the exterior of an aircraft for the purpose of enabling the aircraft to be more readily detected by the pilots of distant aircraft. “Cloud ceiling” in relation to an aerodrome means the distance measured vertically from the notified elevation of that aerodrome to the lowest part of any cloud visible from the aerodrome which is sufficient to obscure more than one half of the sky so visible. “Flight visibility” means the visibility forward from the flight deck of an aircraft in flight. “Ground visibility” means the horizontal visibility at ground level. Civil Aviation 481 “IFR flight” means a flight conducted in accordance with the Instrument Flight Rules in Section VI of these Rules. “Instrument Meteorological Conditions” means weather precluding flight in compliance with the Visual Flight Rules. “Manoeuvring area” means the part of an aerodrome provided for the movement of aircraft from the point of embarkation to the point of take-off and from the point of landing to the point of disembarkation. “Night” means the time between half an hour after sunset and half an hour before sunrise, sunset and sunrise being determined at surface level. “Runway” means a rectangular area, whether or not paved, which is provided for the take-off or landing run of aircraft. “VFR Flight” means a flight conducted in accordance with the Visual Flight Rules in Section V of these Rules. “Visual Meteorological Conditions” means weather permitting flight in accordance with the Visual Flight Rules. SECTION II GENERAL 2. These Rules, in so far as they are applicable in relation to aircraft, shall, subject to the provisions of Rules 30 of these Rules, apply in relation toApplication of Rules to aircraft. (a) all aircraft within the Colony; and (b) all aircraft registered in the Colony, wherever they may be. 482 Civil Aviation Misuse of Signals and Markings. 3.–(1) A signal or marking to which a meaning is given by these Rules, or which is required by these Rules to be used in circumstances or for a purpose therein specified, shall not be used except with that meaning, or for that purpose. (2) A person in an aircraft or an aerodrome or at any place at which an aircraft is taking off or landing shall not make any signal which may be confused with a signal specified in these Rules, and, except with lawful authority, shall not make any signal which he knows or ought reasonably to know to be a signal in use for signalling to or from any of Her Majesty’s naval, military or air force aircraft. Reporting hazardous conditions. 4. The Commander of an aircraft shall, on meeting with hazardous conditions in the course of a flight, or as soon as possible thereafter, send to the appropriate air traffic control unit by the quickest means available information containing such particulars of the hazardous conditions as may be pertinent to the safety of other aircraft. Low Flying. 5.–(1) Subject to the provisions of paragraph (2) and (3) of this Rule– (a) An aircraft other than a helicopter shall not fly over any congested area of a city, town or settlement below- (i) such height as would enable the aircraft to alight clear of the area and without danger to persons or property on the surface, in the event of failure of a power unit; or (ii) a height of 1,500 feet above the highest fixed object within 2,000 feet of the aircraft, whichever is the higher. Civil Aviation 483 (b) A helicopter shall not fly below such height as would enable it to alight without danger to persons or property on the surface, in the event of failure of a power unit. (c) Except with the permission in writing of the Governor and in accordance with any conditions therein specified a helicopter shall not fly over a congested area of a city, town or settlement below a height of 1,500 feet above the highest fixed object within 2,000 feet of the helicopter. (d) An aircraft shall not fly– (i) over, or within 1,000 yards of, any assembly in the open air or more than 1,000 persons assembled for the purpose of witnessing or participating in any organised event, except with the permission in writing of the Governor and in accordance with any conditions therein specified and with the consent in writing or the organisers of the event; or (ii) below such height as would enable it to alight clear of the assembly in the vent of the failure of a power unit, provided that where a person is charged with an offence under this Order by reason of a contravention of this sub- paragraph, it shall be a good defence to prove that the flight of the aircraft over, or within 1,000 yards of, the assembly was made at a reasonable height and for a reason not connected with the assembly or with the event which was the occasion for the assembly. (e) An aircraft shall not fly closer than 500 feet to any person, vessel, vehicle or structure. 484 Civil Aviation (2) (a) Paragraphs (1) (d) and (e) of this Rules shall not apply to an aircraft which is being used for police purposes. (b) Paragraphs (1) (d) and (e) of this Rule shall not apply to the flight of an aircraft over or within 1,000 yards of an assembly of persons gathered for the purpose of witnessing an event which consists wholly or principally of an aircraft race or contest or an exhibition of flying, if the aircraft is taking part in such race, contest or exhibition or is engaged in a flight arranged by, or made with the consent in writing of, the organisers of the event. (c) Paragraph 1 (e) of this Rule shall not apply to– (i) any aircraft while it is landing or taking off in accordance with normal aviation practice; (ii) any glider while it is hill-soaring. (3) Nothing in this Rule shall prohibit any aircraft from– (a) taking off, landing or practising approaches to landing, or (b) flying for the purpose of checking navigational aids or procedures In accordance with normal aviation practice at a Government or licensed aerodromes in the Colony or at any aerodrome in any Contracting State, or (c) flying in such a manner as may be necessary for the purpose of saving life, provided that in the case of practising approaches to landing as aforesaid such practising is confined to the airspace Civil Aviation 485 customarily used by aircraft when landing or taking off in accordance with normal aviation practice at the aerodrome concerned. Simulated instrument flight. 6. An aircraft shall not be flown in simulated instrument flight conditions unless– (a) the aircraft is fitted with dual controls which are functioning properly; (b) an additional pilot (in this Rule called “a safety pilot”), is carried in a second control seat of the aircraft for the purpose of rendering such assistance as may be necessary to the pilot flying the aircraft; (c) if the safety pilot’s field of vision is not adequate both forward and to each side of the aircraft, a third person, being a competent observer, occupies a position in the aircraft from which his field of vision makes good the deficiencies in that of the safety pilot, and from which he can readily communicate with the safety pilot. For the purposes of this Rule the expression “simulated instrument flight” means a flight during which mechanical or optical devices are used in order to reduce the field of vision or the range of visibility from the cockpit of the aircraft. 7. Within the Colony an aircraft shall not carry out instrument approach practice when flying in Visual Meteorological Conditions unlessPractice Instrument Approaches. (a) the appropriate air traffic control unit has previously been informed that the flight is to be made for the purpose of instrument approach practice; and 486 Civil Aviation (b) if the flight is not being carried out in simulated instrument flight conditions, a competent observer is carried in such a position in the aircraft that he has an adequate field of vision and can readily communicate with the pilot flying the aircraft. SECTION III LIGHTS AND OTHER SIGNALS TO BE SHOWN BY AIRCRAFT 8.–(1) For the purposes of this Section of these Rules the horizontal plane of a light shown by an aircraft means the plane which would be the horizontal plane passing through the source of that light, if the aircraft were in level flight. (2) Where by reason of the physical construction of an aircraft it is necessary to fit more than one lamp in order to show a light required by this Section of these Rules, the lamps shall be so fitted and constructed that, so far as is reasonably practicable, not more than one such lamp is visible from any point outside the aircraft. (3) Where in these Rules a light is required to show through specified angles in the horizontal plane, the lamps giving such light shall be so constructed and fitted that the light is visible from any point in any vertical plane within those angles throughout angles of 90° above and below the horizontal plane, but, so for as is reasonably practicable, through no greater angle, either in the horizontal plane or the vertical plane. (4) Where in these Rules a light is required to show in all directions, the lamps giving such light shall be so constructed and fitted that, so far as is reasonably practicable, the light is visible from any point in the horizontal plane and on any vertical plane passing through the source of that light. Civil Aviation 487 9.–(1) By night an aircraft shall display such of the lights specified in these Rules as may be appropriate to the circumstances of the case, and shall not display any other lights which might obscure or otherwise impair the visibility of, or be mistaken for, such lights, Display of Lights by Aircraft. provided that nothing in this paragraph shall prevent the display of an anti-collision light. (2) A flying machine on the manoeuvring area of a land aerodrome in the Colony, at which aircraft commonly land or take off at night, shall display the lights which it would be required to display if it were flying, unless it is stationary in an area the boundaries of which are marked with obstruction lights, provided that the lights specified in sub-paragraph (b) (i) of paragraph (2) of Rule 11 of these Rules may be steady lights when the aircraft is on the ground notwithstanding that an anti- collision light is not displayed. Failure of Navigation Lights. 10. In the Colony, in the event of the failure of any light which is required by these Rules to be displayed in flight, if the light cannot be immediately repaired or replaced the aircraft shall land as soon as in the opinion of the commander of the aircraft it can safely do so, unless authorized by the appropriate air traffic control unit to continue its flight. 11.–(1) A flying machine when flying at night shall display lights as followsFlying Machines. (a) if it is registered in the Colony, either of the systems of lights specified in sub-paragraphs (a) and (b) of paragraph (2) of this Rule, except that if it has a maximum total weight authorised as shown in its certificate of airworthiness of more than 12,500 lb., it shall display the system specified in sub-paragraph (b) of paragraph (2) of this Rule; 488 Civil Aviation (b) in the case of any other flying machine one of the systems of lights specified in paragraph (2) of this Rule. (2) (a) Steady Lights (i) a green light of at least five candles showing to the starboard side through an angle of 110° from dead ahead in the horizontal plane; (ii) a red light of at least five candles showing to the port side through an angle of 110° from dead ahead in the horizontal plane; and (iii) a white light of at least five candles showing through angles of 70° from dead astern to each side in the horizontal plane, all being steady lights; (b) Flashing Lights or Steady lights with anti- collision light– (United Kingdom system) (i) the lights specified in sub-paragraph (a) of this paragraph but all being flashing lights flashing together; and (ii) a flashing white light of at least twenty candles showing in all directions and flashing alternately with the three lights referred to in (i) of this sub-paragraph, provided that if an anti-collision light, being a flashing light, is displayed, the lights specified in sub-paragraph (b) (i) may all be steady lights; Civil Aviation 489 (c) Flashing Lights (Other I.C.A.O. Systems) (i) the lights specified in sub-paragraph (a) of this paragraph, but all being flashing lights flashing together; also either one or both of the following light– (ii) a flashing white light of at least twenty candles showing in all directions and flashing alternately with the three lights referred to in (i) of this sub-paragraph; (iii) a flashing red light of at least twenty candles showing through angles of 70° from dead astern to each side in the horizontal plane and flashing alternately with the three lights referred to in (i) of this sub-paragraph; (3) If the lamp showing either the red or the green light specified in sub-paragraph (a) of paragraph (2) of this Rule is fitted more than six feet from the wing tip, a lamp may, notwithstanding the provisions of paragraph (1) of Rule 9 of these Rules, be fitted at the wing tip to indicate its position, showing a steady light of the same colour through the same angle. 12. A glider while flying at night shall display either a steady red light of at least five candles, showing in all directions, or lights in accordance with paragraphs (2) and (3) of Rule 11 of these Rules. Gliders. 13. A free balloon while flying at night shall display a steady red light, of at least five candles, showing in all directions, suspended not less than fifteen feet and not more than thirty feet below the basket, or if there is no basket, below the lowest part of the balloon. Free Balloons. 490 Civil Aviation 14.–(1) A captive balloon or kite while flying at night at a height exceeding 200 feet above the surface shall display lights as followsCaptive Balloons and Kites. (a) a group of two steady lights consisting of a white light placed twelve feet above a red light, both being of at least five candles and showing in all directions, the white light being placed not less than fifteen feet or more than thirty feet below the basket, or, if there is no basket, below the lowest part of the balloon or kite; (b) on the mooring cable, at intervals of not more than 1,000 feet measured from the group of lights referred to in sub-paragraph (a) of this paragraph, groups of two lights of the colour and power and in the relative positions specified in that sub-paragraph, and, if the lowest group of lights is obscured by cloud, an additional group below the cloud base; (c) on the surface, a group of three flashing lights arranged in the horizontal plane at the apexes of a triangle, approximately equilateral, each side of which measures at least 80 feet; one side of the triangle shall be approximately at right angles to the horizontal projection of the cable and shall be delimited by two red lights; the third light shall be a green light so placed that the triangle encloses the object on the surface to which the balloon or kite is moored. (2) A captive balloon while flying by day at a height exceeding 200 feet above the surface shall have attached to its mooring cable at intervals of not more than 600 feet measured from the basket, or, if there is no basket, from the lowest part of the balloon, tubular streamers not less than sixteen inches in Civil Aviation 491 diameter and six feet in length, and marked with alternate bands of red and white twenty inches wide. (3) A kite flown in the circumstances referred to in paragraph (2) of this Rules shall have attached to its mooring cable either– (a) tubular streamers as specified in paragraph (2) of this Rule, or (b) at intervals of not more than 300 feet measured from the lowest part of the kite, streamers of not less than thirty-two inches long and one foot wide at their widest part and marked with alternate bands or red and white four inches wide. Airships. 15.–(1) Except as provided in paragraph (2) of this Rule, an airship while flying at night shall display the following steady lights– (a) a white light of at least five candles showing through angles of 110° from dead ahead to each side in the horizontal plane; (b) a green light of at least five candles showing to the starboard side through an angle of 110° from dead ahead in the horizontal plane; (c) a red light of at least five candles showing to the port side through an angle of 110° from dead ahead in the horizontal plane; and (d) a white light of at least five candles showing through angles of 70° from dead astern to each side in the horizontal plane. (2) An airstrip while flying at night shall display, if it is not under command, or has voluntarily stopped its engines, or is being towed, the following steady lights492 Civil Aviation (a) the white lights referred to in sub-paragraphs (a) and (d) of paragraph (1) of this Rules; (b) two red lights, each of at least five candles and showing in all directions suspended below the control car so that one is at least twelve feet above the other and at least twenty-five feet below the control car; and (c) if the airship is making way but not otherwise, the green and red lights referred to in sub- paragraphs (b) and (c) of paragraph (1) of this Rule, provided that an airship while picking up its moorings, notwithstanding that it is not under command, shall display only the lights specified in paragraph (1) of this Rule. (3) An airship, while moored within the Colony by night, shall display the following lights– (a) when moored to a mooring mast, at or near the rear a white light of at least five candles showing in all directions; (b) when moored otherwise than to a mooring mast– (i) a white light of at least five candles showing through angles of 110° from dead ahead to each side in the horizontal plane; (ii) a white light of at least five candles showing through angles of 70° from dead astern to each side in the horizontal plane. Civil Aviation 493 (4) An airstrip while flying by day, if it is not under command, or has voluntarily stopped its engines, or is being towed, shall display two black balls suspended below the control car so that one is at least twelve feet above the other and at least twenty-five feet below the control car. (5) For the purpose of this Rule– (a) an airship shall be deemed not be under command when it is unable to execute a manoeuvre which it may be required to execute by or under these Rules; (b) an airship shall be deemed to be making way when it is not moored and is in motion relative to the air. SECTION IV GENERAL FLIGHT RULES 16.–(1) Immediately before an aircraft flies the commander of the aircraft shall examine the current reports and forecasts of the weather conditions on the proposed flight path, being reports and forecasts which it is reasonably practicable for him to obtain, in order to determine whether Instrument Meteorological Conditions prevail or are likely to prevail during any part of the flight. Weather reports and forecasts. (2) An aircraft which is unable to communicate by radio with an air traffic control unit at the aerodrome of destination shall not begin a flight to an aerodrome within a control zone if the information which it is reasonably practicable for the commander of the aircraft to obtain indicates that it will arrive at that aerodrome when the ground visibility is less than five nautical miles or the cloud ceiling is less than 1,500 feet, unless the commander of the aircraft has obtained from an air traffic 494 Civil Aviation control unit at that aerodrome permission to enter the aerodrome traffic zone. Rules for avoiding aerial collisions. 17.–(1) General (a) notwithstanding that the flight is being made with air traffic control clearance it shall remain the duty of the commander of an aircraft to take all possible measures to ensure that his aircraft does not collide with any other aircraft. (b) An aircraft shall not be flown in such proximity to other aircraft as to create a danger of collision. (c) Aircraft shall not fly in formation unless the commanders of the aircraft have agreed to do so. (d) An aircraft which is obliged by these Rules to give way to another aircraft shall avoid passing over or under the other aircraft, or crossing ahead of it, unless passing well clear of it. (e) An aircraft which has the right of way under this Rule shall maintain its course and speed. (f) For the purposes of this Rule a glider and a flying machine which is towing it shall be considered to be a single aircraft under the command of the commander of the towing flying machine. (2) Converging Civil Aviation 495 (a) Subject to the provisions of paragraphs (3) and (4) of this Rule, an aircraft in the air shall give way to other converging aircraft as follows– (i) flying machines shall give way to airships, gliders and balloons; (ii) airships shall give way to gliders and balloons; (iii) gliders shall give way to balloons. (b) Subject to the provisions of sub-paragraph (a) of this paragraph, when two aircraft are converging in the air at approximately the same altitude, the aircraft which has the other on its right shall give way, provided that mechanically driven aircraft shall give way to aircraft which are towing other aircraft or objects. (3) Approaching Head-on When two aircraft are approaching head-on or approximately so in the air and there is danger of collision, each shall alter its course to the right. (4) Overtaking An aircraft which is being overtaken in the air shall have the right of way and the over-taking aircraft, whether climbing, descending or in horizontal flight, shall keep out of the way of the other aircraft by altering course to the right and shall not cease to keep out of way of the other aircraft until that other aircraft has been passed and is clear, notwithstanding any change in the relative positions of the two aircraft, provided that a glider overtaking another glider in the Colony may alter its course to the right or to the left. 496 Civil Aviation (5) Landing An aircraft while landing or on final approach to land shall have the right of way over other aircraft in flight or on the ground or water. (6) Two or more aircraft landing In the case of two or more flying machines or gliders approaching any place for the purpose of landing, the aircraft at the lowed altitude shall have the right-of-way, but it shall not cut in front of another aircraft which is on final approach to land or overtake that aircraft, provided that– (a) when an air traffic control unit has communicated to any aircraft an order of priority for landing, the aircraft shall approach to land in that order, and (b) when the commander of an aircraft is aware that another aircraft is making an emergency landing, he shall give way to that aircraft, and at night, notwithstanding that he may have received permission to land, shall not attempt to land until he has received further permission to do so. 18. An aircraft shall not carry out any aerobatic manoeuvre– (a) over the congested area of any city, town or settlement; or (b) within controlled airspace except with the consent of the appropriate air traffic control unit. Civil Aviation 497 19. An aircraft which is flying within the Colony in sight of the ground and following a road, railway, canal or coastline, or any other line of landmarks, shall keep such line of landmarks on its left. Right-hand Traffic Rule. Notification of Arrival. 20.–(1) The commander of an aircraft entering or leaving the Colony on any flight for which a flight plan has been submitted shall take all reasonable steps to ensure upon landing that notice of the arrival of the aircraft is given to the aerodrome of departure. (2) The commander of an aircraft who has caused notice of its intended arrival at any aerodrome to be given to the air traffic control unit or other authority at that aerodrome shall ensure that the air traffic control unit or other authority at that aerodrome is informed as quickly as possible of any change of intended destination and any estimated delay in arrival of 45 minutes or more. Flight in Notified Airspace. 21. In relation to flights in Visual Meteorological Conditions in controlled airspace notified for the purposes of this Rule, the commander of an aircraft shall comply with Rules 27, 28, and 29 of these Rules as if the flights were IFR flights, provided that the commander of the aircraft shall not elect to continue the flight in compliance with the Visual Flight Rules for the purposes of paragraph (3) of Rule 27. 22. Subject to the provisions of Rule 21 of these Rules an aircraft shall always be flown in accordance with the Visual Flight Rules or the Instrument Flight Rules, provided that in the Colony an aircraft flying at night shall be flown in accordance with the Instrument Flight Rules, or, in a control zone, in accordance with the Instrument Flight Rules or the provisions of the proviso to paragraph (b) of Rule 23 of these Rules. 498 Civil Aviation SECTION V VISUAL FLIGHT RULES 23.–(1) The Visual Flight Rules shall be as follows– (a) Outside controlled airspace An aircraft flying outside controlled airspace shall remain at least 2,000 feet horizontally and 500 feet vertically away from cloud and in a flight visibility of at least three nautical miles, provided that at or below 3,000 feet above mean sea level or at or below 1,000 above the surface this paragraph shall be deemed to be complied with if the aircraft is flown clear of cloud and in sight of the surface. (b) within controlled airspace An aircraft flying within controlled airspace shall remain at least 2,000 feet horizontally and 1,000 feet vertically away from cloud and in a flight visibility of at least three nautical, miles, provided that in a control zone, in the case of a special VFR flight, the aircraft shall be flown in accordance with any instructions given by the appropriate air traffic control unit. For the purposes of Rules “special VFR flight” means a flight in Instrument Meteorological Conditions or at night which is not an IFR flight and which is made with the permission of the appropriate air traffic control unit. (2) Where the Governor has notified increases in all or any of the distances mentioned in sub-paragraph (a) or (b) of paragraph (1) of this Rule, then such increased distances shell be deemed to be substituted for the distances mentioned in this Rule for so long as the notification concerned is in force. Civil Aviation 499 SECTION VI INSTRUMENT FLIGHT RULES 24. The Instrument Flight Rules shall be as follows– (a) outside controlled airspace In relation to flights outside controlled airspace Rules 25 and 26 of these Rules shall apply. (b) Within controlled airspace In relation to flights within controlled airspace Rules 25, 27, 28 and 29 of these Rules shall apply. Minimum Height 25. Without prejudice to the provisions of Rules 5 of these Rules, in order to comply with the Instrument Flight Rules an aircraft shall not fly at a height of less than 1,000 feet above the highest obstacle within a distance of five nautical miles of the aircraft unless otherwise authorised by the competent authority or unless it is necessary to do so in order to take off or land. Quadrantal Rule 26. In order to comply with the Instrument Flight Rules an aircraft when in level flight above 3,000 feet above mean sea level outside controlled airspace shall be flown at a level appropriate to its magnetic track, in accordance with the appropriate table set forth in this Rule. The level of flight shall be measured by an altimeter set according to the system notified, or in the case of flight over a country other the Colony, otherwise published by the competent authority, in relation to the area over which the aircraft is flying. TABLE I–Flights at Levels Below 29,000 Feet 500 Civil Aviation Magnetic Track Cruising Level Less than 90° … … Odd thousands of feet. 90° but less than 180° … … Odd thousands of feet+500 feet. 180° but less than 270° … … Even thousands of feet. 270° but less than 360° … … Even thousands of feet+500 feet. TABLE II– Flights at Levels of 29,000 Feet and above Magnetic Track Cruising Level Less than 90° … … 29,000 feet or higher levels at intervals of 4,000 feet. 90° but less than 180° … … 30,000 feet or higher levels at intervals of 4,000 feet. 180° but less than 270° … … 31,000 feet or higher levels at intervals of 4,000 feet. 270° but less than 360° … … 32,000 feet or higher levels at intervals of 4,000 feet. Flight Plan and Air Traffic Control Clearence. 27.–(1) In order to comply with the Instrument Flight Rules, before an aircraft either takes off from a point within any controlled airspace or enters any controlled airspace or in other circumstances prescribed for this purpose, the commander of the aircraft shall cause a flight plan to be communicated to the Civil Aviation 501 appropriate air traffic control unit and shall obtain an air traffic control clearance based on such flight plan. (2) The flight plan shall contain such particulars of the intended flight as may be necessary to enable the air traffic control unit to issue an air traffic control clearance, or for search and rescue purposes. (3) The commander of the aircraft shall fly in conformity with the air traffic control clearance issued for the flight as amended by any further instructions given by an air traffic control unit, and with the holding and instrument approach procedures, notified in relation to the aerodrome of destination, unless– (a) he is able to fly in uninterrupted Visual Meteorological Conditions for so long as he remains in controlled airspace; and (b) he has informed the appropriate air traffic control unit of his intention to continue the flight in compliance with Visual Flight Rules and has requested that unit to cancel his flight plan, provided that if an emergency arises, which requires an immediate deviation from an air traffic control clearance, the commander of the aircraft shall, as soon as possible, inform the appropriate air traffic control unit of the deviation. (4) The commander of the aircraft after it has flown in controlled airspace shall, unless he has requested the appropriate air traffic control unit to cancel his flight plan, forthwith inform that unit when the aircraft lands within or leaves the controlled airspace. 28. In order to comply with the Instrument Flight Rules the commander of an aircraft in IFR flight who flies in or is intending to enter controlled airspace shall report to the Position Reports. 502 Civil Aviation appropriate air traffic control unit the time, and the position and altitude of the aircraft at such reporting points or at such intervals of time as may be notified for this purpose or as may be directed by the air traffic control unit. Communication Failure. 29. In order to comply with the Instrument Flight Rules the commander of an aircraft flying in controlled airspace who is unable to establish or maintain two-way communication with the appropriate air traffic control unit shall– (a) continue to fly to his destination, if it is possible to do so by flying only in conditions not inferior to those specified in sub- paragraph (b) of paragraph (1) of rule 23 of these Rules; or (b) if he has received an acknowledged an air traffic control clearance to fly to his destination or to enter the controlled airspace in which it lies, and sufficient navigational assistance is obtainable to enable him to comply with such clearance– (i) continue to fly in compliance with the current flight plan to the holding point at the aerodrome of destination, maintaining the last acknowledged cruising levels for the portion of the route for which levels have been specified in the clearance, and thereafter the cruising levels shown in the flight plan; (ii) arrange the flight to arrive over the holding point as closely as possible to the last acknowledged estimated time of arrival; Civil Aviation 503 (iii) begin to descend over the holding point at the last acknowledged expected approach time, or, if no such expected approach time has been acknowledged, the last acknowledge estimated time of arrival; (iv) land within 30 minutes of the time at which the descent should have been started; or (c) if he is unable to comply with the provisions of paragraph (a) or (b) of this Rule, leave or avoid controlled airspace either– (i) fly to an area in which flight may be continued in Visual Meteorological Conditions, and land at an aerodrome there; or (ii) select a suitable area in which to descend through cloud, and land at an aerodrome there. SECTION VII AERODROME TRAFFIC RULES 30. The Rules in this Section of these Rules which are expressed to apply to flying machines shall also be observed, so far as is practicable, in relation to all other aircraft. Application of Aerodrome Traffic Rules. 31. The commander of a flying machine on, or in the traffic zone of, an aerodrome shall observe such visual signals as may be displayed at, or directed to him from, the aerodrome by the authority of the person in charge of the aerodrome and shall obey any instructions which may be given to him by means of such signals, Visual Signals. 504 Civil Aviation provided that he shall not be required to obey the signals referred to in Rule 44 of these Rules (Marshalling Signals) if in his opinion it is inadvisable to do so in the interests of safety. Access to and movement on the Maneuvering Area. 32.–(1) A person or vehicle shall not go on to the maneuvering area of an aerodrome without the permission of the person in charge of the aerodrome, and except in accordance with any conditions subject to which that permission may have been granted. (2) A vehicle shall not move on the maneuvering area of an aerodrome having an air traffic control unit without the permission of that unit, and except in accordance with any conditions subject to which that permission may have been granted. (3) Any permission granted for the purposes of this Rule may be granted either in respect of persons or vehicles generally, or in respect of any particular person or vehicle or any class of person or vehicle. Right of Way on the ground. 33.–(1) This Rule shall apply to– (a) flying machines; and (b) vehicles, on the maneuvering area of a land aerodrome. (2) Notwithstanding any air traffic control clearance, it shall remain the duty of the commander of an aircraft to take all possible measures to ensure that his aircraft does not collide with any other aircraft or with any vehicle. (3) (a) Flying machines and vehicles shall give way to aircraft which are taking off or landing. Civil Aviation 505 (b) vehicles, and flying machines which are not taking off or landing, shall give way to vehicles towing aircraft. (c) vehicles which are not towing aircraft shall give way to aircraft. (4) Subject to the provisions of paragraph (3) of this Rule and of paragraph (3) (b) of Rule 35 of these Rules, in case of danger of collision between two flying machines– (a) when the two flying machines are approaching head-on or approximately so, each shall alter its course to the right; (b) when the two flying machines are on converging courses, the one which has the other on its right shall give way to the other and shall avoid crossing ahead of the other unless passing well clear of it; (c) a flying machine which is being overtaken shall have the right of way, and the overtaking flying machine shall keep out of the way of the other flying machine by altering its course to the left until that other flying machine has been passed and is clear, notwithstanding any change in the relative positions of the two flying machines. (5) Subject to the provisions of paragraph (3) (b) of this Rule a vehicle shall– (a) overtake another vehicle so that the other vehicle is on the left of the overtaking vehicle; (b) keep to the left when passing another vehicle which is approaching head-on or approximately so. 506 Civil Aviation Dropping of Tow Ropes, etc. 34. Tow ropes, banners or similar articles towed by aircraft shall not be dropped from aircraft except at an aerodrome and– (a) in accordance with arrangements made with an air traffic control unit at the aerodrome or, if there is no such unit, with the person in charge of the aerodrome; or (b) in the area designated by the markings described in paragraph (7) of Rule 41 of these Rules, and the ropes, banners or similar articles shall be dropped when the aircraft is flying in the direction appropriate for landing. Aerodromes not having Air Traffic Control Units. 35.–(1) An aircraft shall not fly within a zone which the commander knows or ought reasonably to know to be the aerodrome traffic zone of an aerodrome which does not have and air traffic control unit, except for the purpose of taking off, and landing or observing the signals in the signals area with a view to landing. An aircraft flying within such a zone for the purpose of observing the signals shall remain clear of cloud and at least 500 feet above the level of the aerodrome. (2) The commander of an aircraft flying in such a zone or moving on such an aerodrome shall– (a) conform to the pattern of traffic formed by other aircraft, or keep clear of the airspace in which the pattern is formed; (b) make all turns to the left unless ground signals otherwise indicate; and (c) take off and land in the in the direction indicated by the ground signals or, if no such Civil Aviation 507 signals are displayed, into the wind, unless good aviation practice demands otherwise. (3) (a) A flying machine or glider shall not land on a runway at such an aerodrome unless the runway is clear of other aircraft. (b) where take-offs and landings are not confined to a runway– (i) a flying machine or glider when landing shall leave clear on its left any aircraft which has already landed or is already landing or is about to take off; if such a flying machine or glider is obliged to turn, it shall turn to the left after the commander of the aircraft has satisfied himself that such action will not interfere with other traffic movements; and (ii) a flying machine about to take off shall take up position and maneuver in such a way as to leave clear on its left any aircraft which is already taking off or is about to take off. (4) A flying machine after landing shall move clear of the landing area in use as soon as it is possible to do so. 36.–(1) An aircraft shall not fly within a zone which the commander of the aircraft knows or ought reasonably to know to be the aerodrome traffic zone of an aerodrome having an air traffic control unit except for the purpose of taking-off, landing or observing the signals in the signals area with a view to landing, unless he has the permission of the appropriate air traffic control unit. Aerodromes having Air Traffic Control Units. 508 Civil Aviation (2) The commander of an aircraft flying in the aerodrome traffic zone of an aerodrome having an air traffic control unit or moving on the maneuvering area of such an aerodrome shall– (a) cause a continuous watch to be maintained on the appropriate radio frequency notified for air traffic control communications at the aerodrome, or if this is not possible, cause a watch to be kept for such instructions as may be issued by visual means; (b) not taxy, take off or land except with the permission of the air traffic control unit; and (c) comply with the provisions of Rule 35 of these Rules as if the aerodrome did not have an air traffic control unit, unless he has the permission of the air traffic control unit at the aerodrome, or has been instructed by such unit, to do otherwise. 37. Without prejudice to the provisions of Rules 20 and 27 of these Rules, the commander of an aircraft shall, immediately upon arrival at, or prior to departure from, an aerodrome within the Colony having an air traffic control unit, ensure that such unit is informed of the flight which he has just made or which he is about to undertake. SECTION VIII AERODROME SIGNALS AND MARKINGS: VISUAL AND AURAL SIGNALS General 38.–(1) Whenever any signal specified in this Section of these Rules is given or displayed, or whenever any marking so specified is displayed, by any person in an aircraft, or at an Civil Aviation 509 aerodrome, or at any other place which is being used by aircraft for landing or take-off, it shall, when given or displayed in the Colony, have the meaning assigned to it in this Section. (2) All dimensions specified in this Section of these Rules shall be subject to a tolerance of 10 percent, plus or minus. Signals in the Signals Area. 39.–(1) When any signal specified in the following paragraphs of this Rule is displayed it shall be placed in a signals area, which shall be a square visible in all directions bordered by a white strip one foot wide the internal sides measuring 40 feet. (2) A white landing T, as illustrated in this paragraphFig. 1. signifies that aeroplanes and gliders taking off or landing shall do so in a direction parallel with the shaft of the T and towards 510 Civil Aviation the cross arm, unless otherwise authorized by the appropriate air traffic control unit. (3) A white disc two feet in diameter displayed alongside the cross arm of the T and in line with the shaft of the T, as illustrated in this paragraph, Fig. 2. signifies that the direction of landing and take-off do not necessarily coincide. (4) A white dumb-bell, as illustrated in this paragraph, Civil Aviation 511 Fig. 3. signifies that movements of aeroplanes and gliders on the ground shall be confined to paved, metalled or similar hard surfaces. (5) A white dumb-bell as described in (4) above but with a black strip two feet wide across each disc at right angles to the shaft of the dumb-bell, as illustrated in this paragraphFig. 4. 512 Civil Aviation signifies that aeroplanes and gliders taking off or landing shall do so on a runway but that movement on the ground is not confined to paved, metalled or similar hard surfaces. (6) A red and yellow striped arrow, as illustrated in this paragraphFig. 5. the shaft of which is at least three feet wide placed along the whole or not less than a total of 36 feet of two adjacent sides of the signals area and pointing in a clockwise direction signifies that a right-hand circuit is in force. (7) A red panel ten feet square with a yellow strip along one diagonal at least twenty inches wide, as illustrated in this paragraphCivil Aviation 513 Fig. 6. signifies that the state of the manoeuvring area is poor and that pilots must exercise special care when landing. (8) A red panel ten feet square with a yellow strip, at least twenty inches wide, along each diagonal, as illustrated in this paragraph514 Civil Aviation Fig. 7. signifies that the aerodrome is unsafe for the movement of aircraft and that landing on the aerodrome is prohibited. (9) A white letter H, as illustrated in this paragraphCivil Aviation 515 Fig. 8. signifies that helicopters shall take off and land only within the area designated by the marking specified in paragraph (5) of Rule 41 of these Rules. (10) A red letter L displayed on the dumb-bell specified in paragraph (4) and (5) of this Rule, as illustrated in this paragraph516 Civil Aviation Fig. 9. Signifies that light aircraft are permitted to take off and land either on a runway or on the area designated by the marking specified in paragraph (6) of Rule 41 of these Rules. (11) A white double cross, as illustrated in this paragraphFig. 10. Civil Aviation 517 signifies that glider flying is in progress. Markings for Paved Runways and Taxiways. 40.–(1) Two or more white crosses, as illustrated in this paragraphFig. 11. displayed on a runway or taxiway, with the arms of the crosses at an angle of 45° to the centre line of the runway, at intervals of not more than 1,000 feet signify that the section of the runway or taxiway marked by them is unfit for the movement of aircraft. (2) A broken white line and a continuous white line is illustrated in this paragraph, 518 Civil Aviation Fig. 12. signify a holding position beyond which no part of an aircraft or vehicle shall project in the direction of the runway without permission from an air traffic control unit. (3) Orange and white markers as illustrated in this paragraphFig. 13. Civil Aviation 519 spaced not more than 150 feet apart, signify the boundary of that part of a paved runway, taxiway or apron which is unfit for the movement of aircraft. Markings on Unpaved Manoeuvring Areas 41.–(1) Markers with orange and white stripes of an equal width of not less than 1 ½ feet, with an orange stripe at each end, as illustrated in this paragraphFig. 14. alternating with flags not less than 2 feet square showing equal orange and white triangular areas, indicate the boundary of an area unfit for the movement of aircraft and one or more white crosses as specified in paragraph (1) of Rule 40 of these Rules indicate the said area. The distance between any two successive orange and white flags shall not exceed 300 feet. (2) Striped markers, as specified in paragraph (1) of this Rule, spaced not more than 150 feet apart, indicate the boundary of an aerodrome. (3) On structures, markers with orange and white vertical stripes, of an equal width of not less than 1 ½ feet, with an orange stripe at each end, as illustrated in this paragraph520 Civil Aviation Fig. 15. spaced not more than 150 feet apart, indicate the boundary of an aerodrome. The pattern of the marker shall be visible from inside and outside the aerodrome and the marker shall be affixed not more than 6 inches from the top of the structure. (4) White flat rectangular markers 10 feet long and 3 feet wide at intervals not exceeding 300 feet, flush with the surface of the unpaved runway or stopway, as the case may be, indicate the boundary of an unpaved runway or of a stopway. (5) A white letter H, as illustrated in this paragraphCivil Aviation 521 Fig. 16. indicates an area which shall be used only for the taking off and landing of helicopters. (6) A white letter L as illustrated in this paragraph522 Civil Aviation Fig. 17. indicates a part of the manoeuvring area which shall be used only for the taking off and landing of light aircraft. (7) A yellow cross, with two arms 20 feet long by 3 feet wide at right angles, indicates that tow ropes and similar articles towed by aircraft shall only be dropped in the area in which the cross is placed. (8) A white double cross as illustrated in this paragraph, Civil Aviation 523 Fig. 18. indicates an area which shall be used only for the taking off and landing of gliders. (9) A white landing T as specified in paragraph (2) of Rule 39 of these Rules placed at the left hand side of the runway when viewed from the direction of landing indicates the runway to be used, and at an aerodrome with no runway it indicates the direction for take-off and landing. Signals Visible from the Ground. 42.–(1) A black ball 2 feet in diameter suspended from a mast signifies that the directions of take-off and landing are not necessarily the same. (2) A checkered flag or board, 4 feet by 3 feet containing twelve equal squares, 4 horizontally and 3 vertically, coloured red and yellow alternately, signifies that aerodrome traffic on the manoeuvring area is subject to control by means of the lights and pyrotechnic signals referred to in Rule 43 of these Rules. (3) Two red balls 2 feet in diameter, disposed vertically one above the other, 2 feet apart and suspended from a mast, signify that glider flying is in progress at the aerodrome. (4) Black Arabic numerals in two-figure groups and, where parallel runways are provided the letter or letters L (left), LC 524 Civil Aviation (left centre), C (centre), R.C. (right centre) and R (right), placed against a yellow background, indicate the direction for take-off or the runway in use. (5) A black letter C against a yellow background, as illustrated in this paragraph, Fig. 19. indicates the position at which a pilot can report to the air traffic control unit or to the person in charge of the aerodrome. (6) A rectangular green flag of not less than 2 feet square flown from a mast indicates that a right-hand circuit is in force. Civil Aviation 525 Lights and Pyrotechnic Signals for Control of Aerodrome Traffic. 43. Each signal described in the first column of Table A, when directed from an aerodrome to an aircraft or to a vehicle, or from an aircraft, shall have the meanings respectively appearing in the second, third and fourth columns of that Table opposite the description of the signal. TABLE A–MEANING OF LIGHTS AND PYROTECHNIC SIGNALS (RULE 43) Characteristic and colour of light beam From an aerodrome From an aircraft in flight to an aerodrome or pyrotechnic to an aircraft or to an aircraft in flight vehicle on the aerodrome (a) Continuous red Give way to other aircraft Stop. –light and continue circling. light or Red flare } (b) Red pyrotechnic Do not land; wait for –Immediate assistance is permission. requested. (c) Red flashes... ... Do not land; aerodrome not Move clear of –available for landing. landing area. (d) Green flashes ... Return to aerodrome; wait To an aircraft: You –for permission to land. may move on the manoeuvring area and apron; 526 Civil Aviation To a vehicle: You may move on the manoeuvring area. (e) Continuous green You may land. You may take off (not applicable to a light vehicle). ––– { (f) Continuous green By night: May I light, or Green flashes, or Green pyrotechnic land? By day: May I land in direction different light from that indicated by landing T? (g) White lashes Land at this aerodrome after receiving continuous green light, and then, after Return to starting point on the aerodrome. receiving green flashes, proceed to the apron. the landing lights } ––I am compelled to (h) White pyrotechnic lights Switching on and off land. the navigation lights Switching on and off Civil Aviation 527 Marshalling Signals 44. Each of the signals for the guidance of aircraft manoeuvring on the ground, described in the first column of Table B, shall, in the Colony, have the meaning set forth in the second column of that Table opposite the description of the signal. By day any such signals shall be given by hand or by circular bats and by night by torches or illuminated wands. 528 Civil Aviation By Night In Daylight Move ahead Meaning of guidance of marshaller Signal Proceed another under moved across the other arm Right or left marshaller. upward and extended to position of arm down, repeatedly backward, beckoning body and the other Description of indicate moved Arms Signal (a) (b) Civil Aviation 529 port engine of Signal starboard. starboard engine or or turn to Open up Open up turn to port. Left arm down, moved upward arm movement arm movement down, left arm and backward. moves upward and backward. The speed of the right arm The speed of indicates the indicates the rate of turn. rate of turn. repeatedly repeatedly Right arm (c) (d) 530 Civil Aviation By Night In Daylight Meaning of Signal engines. Stop. Start Description of Signal arm pointing to urgency of the crossed above the head. The motion of the speed of arm indicates the right hand at with the left head level, movement repeatedly A circular Arms stop. (e) (f) Civil Aviation 531 of Signal chocks. Chocks away. Insert Arms extended, facing inwards, outwards, then Arms down, then swung outwards. the palms the palms extended from the inwards. position swung facing (g) (h) 532 Civil Aviation By Night In Daylight Meaning of Signal engines. down. Slow Cut Description of Signal moved laterally Either arm and down, with the then moved up palms towards level with the with the palm Arms placed downwards. hand placed the ground, chest, then and down (i) (j) Civil Aviation 533 of Signal indicated This bay. engines down Slow side. on with the palms towards Arms placed above the the ground, then either right side, as the case, moved up and down motors on the left or the right or left arm Arms placed down, indicating that the should be slowed head in a vertical position. down. (k) (l) 534 Civil Aviation By night In Daylight Meaning of Signal All clear: Marshalli finished. Hover. ng Description of Signal elbow, with the The right arm Arms placed raised at the horizontally arm facing sideways. forward. (m) (n) Civil Aviation 535 Signal upwards. Move Land. crossed in front sideways with rate of ascent. upwards. The Arms placed Arms placed speed of arm indicates the horizontally of the body. movement beckoning down and palms (o) (p) 536 Civil Aviation By Night In Daylight Meaning of downwards. Signal Move Description of Signal arm movement rate of descent. sideways with Arms placed The speed of indicates the horizontally downwards. towards the beckoning the palms ground (q) Civil Aviation 537 By Night In Daylight horizontally. Signal Move Description of Signal that side, in the direction of the the left or right sideways, then moved in front horizontally to indicating that of the body to the helicopter several times. the other arm should move case may be; horizontally movement, side, as the Either arm repeated placed (r) 538 Civil Aviation By Night In Daylight Meaning of Move back. Signal Release load. Description of Signal shoulder level. forward, then forward, then swept up and Arms placed down facing horizontally repeatedly horizontal right arm making a extended Left arm down to (s) (t) Civil Aviation 539 Signal Release Engage brakes. brakes. Raise arm, with horizontally in horizontally in Raise arm and front of body, front of body, fist clenched, then extend then clench hand with extended, fingers. fingers fist. (u) (v) 540 Civil Aviation By Night In Daylight Meaning of Engine(s). Signal Start Description of Signal circular motion of right hand at overhead with the number of number of the extended, to engine to be indicate the started, and head level Left hand fingers (w) Civil Aviation 541 tail to port. aircraft’ s aircraft’ s of Signal starboard. tail to Back Back down, move left vertical forward vertical position arm movement. arm movement. arm down from Point right arm repeating right repeating left Point left rm to horizontal down from overhead, overhead, position, position, forward (x) (y) 542 Civil Aviation Distress, Urgency and Safety Signals 45.–(1) The following signals, given either together or separately before the sending of a message, signify that an aircraft is threatened by grave and imminent danger and requests immediate assistance– (a) by radiotelephony– (i) the spoken word “MAYDAY”; (b) by visual signalling– (i) the signal SOS (· · · – – – · · ·); (ii) a succession of pyrotechnic lights fired at short intervals each showing a single red light; (iii) the two-flag signal corresponding to the letters NC of the international code of signals; (iv) the distant signal, consisting of a square flag having either above or below it a ball or anything resembling a ball; (c) By sound signalling other than radiotelephony– (i) the signal SOS (...– – – ...); (ii) a continuous sounding with any sound apparatus. (2) The following signals, given either together or separately, before the sending of a message, signify that the commander of the aircraft wishes to give notice of difficulties but that he does not require immediate assistance– (a) a succession of white pyrotechnic lights; (b) the repeated switching on and off of the aircraft landing lights; Civil Aviation 543 (c) the repeated switching on and off of its navigation lights, in such a manner as to be clearly distinguishable from the flashing navigation lights described in Rule 11 of the Rules. (3) The fallowing signals, given either together or separately, indicate that the commander of the aircraft has an urgent message to transmit concerning the safety of the aircraft or of any person or property– (a) by radiotelephony– (i) the spoken word “PAN”; (b) by visual signalling– (i) the signal XXX (–..– –..– –..–) (ii) a succession of green pyrotechnic lights; (iii) a succession of green flashes; (c) by sound signalling other than radiotelephony– (i) the signal XXX (–..– –..– –..–); (4) The following signals, given either together or separately, indicate that the commander of the aircraft has a message to transmit concerning the safety of navigation or giving meteorological warnings– (a) by radiotelephony– (i) the spoken word “SÉCURITÉ”; (b) by visual or sound signalling other than radiotelephony544 Civil Aviation (i) the signal TTT (– – –). Warning Signals to Aircraft in Flight. 46. In the Colony, the following signals shall respectively have the following meanings– (a) (i) by day – a series of projectiles discharged at intervals of ten seconds, each showing on bursting black and white smoke, or (ii) by night – a series of projectiles discharged at intervals of ten seconds, each showing on bursting white lights or stars, or an intermittent white luminous beam directed at the aircraft, indicates that the aircraft to which the signal is directed is in the vicinity of such an area as is referred to in sub-paragraph (c) of paragraph (1) of Article 57 of this Order and is required to change its course; (b) by day or by night, a series of projectiles discharged at intervals of ten seconds, each showing on bursting green lights or stars, indicates that the aircraft is required to land at the nearest aerodrome in accordance with the provisions of Article 57 of this Order. SECTION IX GROUND LIGHTING Minimum ground lighting. 47.–(1) The person in charge of any area to which this Rule applies shall cause the lighting specified in Rules 48 to 53, inclusive, of these Rules to be in operation whenever a flying Civil Aviation 545 machine or glider, flying for the purpose of the public transport of passengers, is taking off or landing at that area by night and during such period before or after the take-off or landing as may be necessary to ensure the safety of the aircraft, provided that, if the area is intended for use only by helicopters, there may be in operation in lieu of the lighting specified in Rules 48, 49, 52 and 53 of these Rules, such other lighting as will enable the pilot of a helicopter in flight– (i) to identify the area; (ii) to determine the landing direction; and (iii) to make a safe approach and landing. (2) The requirements of paragraph (1) of this Rule shall be deemed not to have been contravened if neither the person in charge of the area nor any person acting under his instructions knew or ought reasonably to have known that the aircraft was about to take off or land. (3) This Rule shall apply to any place, whether or not an aerodrome, intended to be used for the taking off, landing of aircraft or the manoeuvring of aircraft on the ground, but shall not apply to any Government aerodrome or to any aerodrome licensed for use by night. 48. The lighting required by Rule 47 of those Rules shall include lighting to give approach guidance to the runway or landing area intended to be used, which lighting shall consist of eitherApproach Lighting. (a) a line of identical lights each having an intensity of not less than 100 candles of red or white light in the direction of approach, equally spaced at intervals not exceeding 200 feet along the extended centre line of the runway for a distance of not less than 600 feet from the threshold in the direction of approach; or 546 Civil Aviation (b) angle of approach lights so arranged as to indicate a sloping path between 2 ½ and 4 ½ above the horizontal which will provide, for any aircraft approaching to land, safe clearance above all obstacles within three nautical miles of the threshold of the runway and will give a warning by means of red beams of light if the aircraft is below the path. The lights shall indicate the path throughout an angle in azimuth of not less than 12° symmetrically about a line parallel to the direction of landing, provided that if the lights specified in paragraph (1) (b) of Rule 49 are in operation, the lights specified in sub-paragraph (b) of this paragraph shall also be in operation, and not the lights specified in sub-paragraph (a) of this paragraph. Landing Area Lights. 49.—(1) Where a runway is not provided, the lighting required by Rule 47 of these Rules shall include either– (a) two lines of white lights parallel to the direction of take-off or landing visible from all directions above the horizontal delineating the landing area intended for use by night, the lights in each line being equally spaced at intervals not exceeding 300 feet. The lines of lights shall not be less than 100 feet nor more than 200 feet apart, and shall be so placed that a line drawn between a light and the opposite light in the parallel line of lights would be right angles to the direction of use of the landing area; or (b) white lights visible as aforesaid and arranged in the form of a T with the shaft of the T parallel to the direction of use and on the left edge of the area intended for landing when seen from the direction of approach and Civil Aviation 547 extending for the whole length of that edge, the lights in the shaft being equally spaced at intervals not exceeding 300 feet, and the cross arm of the T consisting of single lights placed at 300 feet on either side of the light in the shaft of the T furthest from the approach end. (2) Where a runway is provided the lighting required by Rule 47 of these Rules shall include two lines of white lights visible from the direction of approach, placed on the edge of the runway and each extending the whole of the length intended for use, the distance between successive lights in each line being not more than 300 feet, so that, so far as is practicable, a line drawn between a light and the opposite light in the parallel line of lights would be at right angles to the axis of the runway. (3) The lights required by this Rule shall have an intensity of not less than 50 candles. Guidance Lights on the Manoeuvring Area. 50. The lighting required by Rule 47 of these Rules shall include either– (a) the delineation of every taxiway intended for use by night by means of lights along its edges, either blue lights on one side and yellow lights on the other or blue lights on both sides. The lights on each side shall have a brightness sufficient to give adequate guidance to a taxying aircraft when the lights are spaced not more than 160 feet apart on straight stretches. On curves the lights shall be at reduced spacing to mark the taxiway edge clearly. If the taxiway is unpaved the lines of lights shall not be less than 50 nor more than 100 feet apart; or (b) where aircraft manoeuvring on the ground are not confined to taxiways, white lights visible from all directions above the horizontal and of 548 Civil Aviation an intensity of not less than 10 candles at 5° above the horizontal, spaced at intervals not exceeding 300 feet along the boundary of that part of the manoeuvring area intended for use by night. Areas Unfit for Use. 51.The lighting required by Rule 47 of these Rules shall include red lights visible from all directions above the horizontal, sufficient to mark adequately any area unfit for the movement of aircraft at night. 52. Where neither the lighting specified in paragraph (1) (a) of Rule (48) of these Rules nor that specified in paragraph (1) (b) of Rule 49 of these Rules is provided the lighting required by Rule 47 of these Rules shall include— (a) adequate illumination of a landing T as specified in paragraph (2) of Rule 39 of these Rules; or (b) a landing T of the dimensions so specified, consisting of white lights, visible from all directions above the horizontal, of an intensity of not less than 5 nor more than 20 candles placed either in the signals area or between 50 and 100 feet to the left as seen from the direction of approach of the runway at the approach end thereof. Obstruction Lights. 53.—(1) The lighting required by Rule 47 of these Rules shall include the lighting of all obstructions within the area in accordance with the provisions of this Rule. (2) The lights on an obstruction shall be arranged so as to show not less than 10 candles of red light in all directions in azimuth between 20° below and 60° above the horizontal. (3) The lights shall be placed at the highest point of the obstruction except that, where the top of a chimney or other Civil Aviation 549 obstruction may be obscured by smoke, the lights may be placed instead not more than 10 feet below the top of the obstruction. (4) If the height of an obstruction is more than 150 feet above ground level lights shall be placed on the obstruction between the top and the ground at vertical intervals not exceeding 150 feet. (5) On any obstruction of more than 150 feet in horizontal extent lights as specified in paragraph (3) of this Rule shall be placed on the highest point of each length of 150 feet of the obstruction, measuring from one end of the obstruction. (6) For the purposes of this Rule any object, whether permanent or temporary, shall be deemed to be an obstruction if it is likely to endanger aircraft and if it is situated— (a) on that part of the manoeuvring area which is intended for use at night; or (b) within an area extending 200 feet on either side of the centre line of the area intended for landing or take-off at night; or (c) within 200 feet of the area so intended, if the height of the object is more than one quarter of the distance of the object from that area; or (d) within 50 feet of a lighted taxiway; or (e) within an area of the dimensions illustrated in this sub-paragraph, 550 Civil Aviation being an area at either end of a lighted runway or lighted landing area and if the height of the object, measured above the level of the nearer end of the runway or landing area, is more than one thirtieth of the distance from the object to the nearest end of the runway or landing area, provided that a frangible object not more than 3 feet in height above ground shall not be deemed to be an obstruction by reason of this sub-paragraph. (f) within one nautical mile of the centre of the area intended for use at night for the taking off, landing or manoeuvring of aircraft on the ground and more than 300 feet above the highest point of the ground within that area. (7) Nothing in this Rule shall be taken to require the lighting of— (a) any aircraft displaying navigation lights in accordance with Section III of these Rules; Civil Aviation 551 (b) in an area set aside for the parking of aircraft any vehicle which is displaying the lights which are obligatory when it is being driven on a public highway; (c) any obstruction or part of an obstruction which, by reason of the lighting of other obstructions, is not likely to endanger aircraft in flight. SECTION X FLIGHT OVER AN AREA IN WHICH SEARCH AND RESCUE OPERATIONS WOULD BE DIFFICULT 54.—(1) The following provisions of this paragraph shall have effect in relation to public transport aircraft– (a) before commencing a flight over and area notified for the purpose of this Rule as an area in which search and rescue operations would be difficult, the person in command of an aircraft shall submit or cause to be submitted to the appropriate air traffic control unit a flight notification containing such particulars as may be required by that air traffic control unit; (b) when a flight notification has been submitted in accordance with sub-paragraph (a) of this paragraph the person in command of an aircraft which is able to communicate by radio with an appropriate radio station shall, if he finds it necessary to deviate in respect of any particular from the said flight notification, report by radio the nature of the proposed deviation to the appropriate air traffic control unit as soon as practicable. 552 Civil Aviation (2) Before commencing a fight over an area notified for the purpose of this Rule as an area in which search and rescue operations would be difficult, a person in command of an aircraft, other than a public transport aircraft, may submit or cause to be submitted to the appropriate air traffic control unit a flight notification containing such particulars as may be required by that air traffic control unit. If a flight notification is so submitted, the person in command of such an aircraft shall comply with the requirements specified in sub-paragraph (b) of paragraph (1) of this Rule as if the aircraft were a public transport aircraft. Civil Aviation 553 THIRTEENTH SCHEDULE Article 73 FEES Certificate of Registration. (Article 2 (8)). 76 of 1966. 1. The fee to be paid for the issue of a certificate of registration of an aircraft pursuant to Article 2 (8) of this Order shall be $10. 2. The fees to be paid in respect of an application for a permit to fly in pursuance of proviso (e) to Article 4 (1) of this Order shall be as followsPermit for an aircraft to fly without a Certificate of Airworthiness. (Article 4 (1)). (a) for any investigations required by the Governor in connection with the application, a fee of an amount equivalent to the cost of making such investigations but not exceeding £75; (b) for the permit, a fee of 10s. Certificate of Airworthiness. (Article 5(1)). 3. Where an application is made for a certificate of airworthiness in respect of an aircraft there shall be paid for the investigation required by the Governor in pursuance of Article 5 (1) of this Order (not including the investigation of any aircraft engine) a fee of an amount equal to the cost of making the investigations but not exceeding 6s 0d. per lb. of the maximum total weight of the aircraft for any year, or part of a year, of the period required for carrying out the investigation, provided that— (1) in the case of an aircraft which in the opinion of the Governor conforms to a prototype aircraft or to a modification of a prototype aircraft, the fee to be paid shall be— £ s. d. 554 Civil Aviation (a) in the case of a glider which the maximum total weight does not exceed 2,000 lb. 2 0 0 (b) in the case of a glider of which the maximum total weight exceeds 2,000 lb. 5 0 0 (c) in any other case, a fee in accordance with the following table– (i) when the maximum total weight does not exceed 5,000 lb. 5 0 0 (ii) when the maximum total 10 0 0 weight exceeds 5,000 lb. but does not exceed 7,500 lb. (iii) when the maximum total 15 0 0 weight exceeds 7,500 lb. but does not exceed 10,000 lb. (iv) when the maximum total weight exceeds 10,000 lb.15 0 0 3 0 0; In respect of the first 10,000 lb In respect of each additional 1,000 lb. or part thereof (2) in case of an aircraft which in the opinion of the Governor is a modification of a prototype aircraft the fee shall not be less Civil Aviation 555 than that which would have been payable in paragraph (1) if this proviso had applied. For the purposes of this paragraph “maximum total weight” means the maximum total weight specified in the application for the certificate. Approval of Engine. (Article 5(1)). 4. The fees to be paid in respect of an application for the approval of an engine for the purposes in Article 5 (1) of this Order (including any investigations required for the purpose) shall be in accordance with the following scale£ s. d. (a) When the power output of the engine as determined by the Governor– (i) does not exceed 200 B.H.P. or 500 lb. thrust. 2 0 0 (ii) exceeds 200 B.H.P. or 500 lb. thrust but does not exceed 500 B.H.P. or 1,250 lb. thrust. 4 0 0 (iii) exceeds 500 B.H.P. or 6 0 0 1,250 lb. thrust but does not exceed 1000 B.H.P. or 2,500 lb. thrust. (iv) exceeds 1000 B.H.P. or 2,500 lb. thrust but does not exceed 2,000 B.H.P. or 2,500 lb. thrust. 8 0 0 8 0 0 (b) When the power output as so determined exceeds 2,000 B.H.P. or 5,000 lb. thrust, in respect of the 2,000 B.H.P. or 5,000 lb. thrust. 556 Civil Aviation 10 0 0 and in respect of each additional 100 B.H.P. or 250 lb. thrust. Renewal of Certificate of Airworthiness (Article 5 (6)) 5. When an application is made for the renewal of a certificate of airworthiness is pursuance of Article 5 (6) of this Order the fee is to be paid in respect thereof (including any investigation require in connection with the application) shall be £3 0s. 0d. in the case of a glider where the maximum total weight authorised for the glider does not exceed 2,000 lb., and in any other case shall be in accordance with the following sub-paragraphs£ s. d. 76 of 1966. 32 0 0 (a) When the maximum total weight authorised for the aircraft does not exceed 2,000 lb. (b) When the maximum total weight authorised for the aircraft exceeds 2,000 lb. 32 0 0 In respect of the first 2,000 lb. 20 0 0 In respect of each additional 500 lb. or part thereof, provided that in respect of an aircraft in the category “any purpose other than public transport or aerial work” the maximum total weight authorised of which exceeds 2,000 lb., but does not exceed 3,500 lb., the fee to be paid shall be £32 0s. 0d. Validation of Certificate of Airworthiness. (Article 5 (5) and (6)). 6. The fee to be paid in respect of an application for— (1) the issue of a certificate of validation of a certificate of airworthiness in respect of any aircraft in pursuance of Article 5 (5) of this Order (including any investigation required in connection with the application) shall be the same as the fee Civil Aviation 557 which would be paid under paragraph 3 of this Schedule in respect of an application for the issue of a certificate of airworthiness in respect of that aircraft, assuming it to be an aircraft which in the opinion of the Governor was a modification of a prototype aircraft; (2) the renewal of such a certificate of validation in pursuance of Article 5 (6) of this Order shall be the same as the fee which would be paid under paragraph 5 of this Schedule in respect of the renewal of a certificate of airworthiness in respect of that aircraft. Approval of persons. (Articles 5 (8) and 7 (4) (c)). 7. The fee to be paid by a person for the making of inspections of his organisation for the purposes of Articles 5 (8) and 7 (4) (c) of this Order shall be £20 0s. 0d. per annum for each branch of the organisation which is separately inspected. Approval in respect of aircraft and equipment including modification, repair, etc. (excluding radio apparatus). (Articles 5 (7), 7 (3), 9 (2)). 8.The fee to be paid in respect of an application for approval pursuant to any requirement of Articles 5 (7), 7 (3), or 9 (2) of this Order shall be an amount equivalent to the cost of making the investigations which the Governor deems necessary for the purpose but not exceeding £1,000 in respect of any one application. 9. The fee to be paid in respect of an application for the approval by the Governor of radio apparatus of the manner of the installation thereof, or of any modification of the apparatus or the manner of its installation for the purpose of Article 10 (5) of this Order shall be an amount equivalent to the cost of making the investigations which the Governor deems necessary for the purpose but not exceeding £500 in respect of any one application. Approval of type, etc. of radio apparatus (Article 10 (5)) 558 Civil Aviation Licences for Aircraft Maintenance Engineers and Aircraft Radio Maintenance Engineers. (Article 8) 10. The fees to be paid in respect of a license as an aircraft maintenance engineer or aircraft radio maintenance engineer in pursuance of Article 8 of this Order shall be as follows£ s. d. 3 0 0 In respect of an application for a licence; In respect of an application for the extension of a rating included in a licence; 1 10 0 In respect of an application for the renewal of a licence1 10 0 If the applicant is not required to pass an examination; 3 0 0 If the applicant is required to pass an examination, provided that the fees specified above shall cover only one examination in respect of the inclusion or extension of a rating in a licence and, if an additional examination is required in respect of such inclusion or extension, the fee to be paid for such additional examination shall be £1 10s. 0d. Licences for Flight Crew (Article 15) and ratings therein (Article 16(3) and (4)). 11.—(1) Save as otherwise provided in sub-paragraph (2) of this paragraph— (a) The fees to be paid in respect of applications for licences for members of the flight crew of an aircraft or for the renewal of such licenses shall be in accordance with the following tableCivil Aviation 559 Description of Licence For an official medical examinati on (if required) For a technical examinati on (if required) For an official flying test (if required) For a Licence or renewal thereof £ s. d. £ s. d. £ s. d. £ s. d. Student Pilot’s 1 5 0 10 0 Private pilot’s (flying machines) with aircraft rating including Group A or Group B or both Group A and Group B 1 5 0 15 0 1 1 10 0 10 0 Private pilot’s (flying machines) with aircraft rating including Group C 1 5 0 3 0 0 1 10 0 10 0 Commercial pilot’s (flying machines) 3 5 0 4 10 0 25 0 0 1 0 0 Senior commercial pilot’s (flying machines) 3 5 0 7 10 0 45 0 0 1 0 0 Airline transport pilot’s (flying machines) 3 5 0 7 10 0 45 0 0 1 0 0 Private pilot’s (balloons and airships) 1 5 0 15 0 1 10 0 10 0 Commercial pilot’s (balloons) 3 5 0 4 10 0 7 10 0 1 0 0 Commercial pilot’s (airships) 3 5 0 4 10 0 7 10 0 1 0 0 560 Civil Aviation Commercial pilot’s (gliders) 3 5 0 15 0 9 10 0 1 0 0 Flight navigator’s 1 15 0 7 10 0 1 0 0 Flight engineer’s 1 15 0 3 0 0 1 0 0 Flight radiotelephony operator’s general 1 15 0 1 10 0 1 0 0 Flight radiotelephony operator’s restricted 1 15 0 1 10 0 1 0 0 Flight radiotelegraphy operator’s 1 15 0 3 0 0 1 0 0 Flight radiotelegraphy operator’s temporary 1 15 0 3 0 0 1 0 0 (b) Where an application is made for an instrument rating (flying machines) or for the renewal of such rating the following fees shall be paid£ s. d. 4 10 0 For a technical examination (if required) For an official flying test (if required) 20 0 0 For a practical test using approved flight simulation apparatus (if required) 1 0 0 For a special medical (audiometry) examination (if required) 15 0 Civil Aviation 561 (c) Where an application is made for a towing rating (flying machines) or for the renewal of such a rating the following fees shall be paid£ s. d. 4 10 0 For an official flying test (if required) 7 10 0 For the rating test (if required) 10 0 For a technical examination (if required) (a) In the case of an application for the renewal of a licence— (i) the fees for an official medical examination (if required) shall be £1 5s. 0d.; (ii) the fees for a technical examination (if required) shall in the case of a flight engineer’s licence be £2 0s. 0d.; (iii) the fees for a licence shown as 10s. 0d. shall be reduced to 5s. 0d. and shown as one pound shall be reduced to 7s. 6. (b) The fees for an official flying test include the use of an aircraft provided by the Governor in the following cases only, that is to say— (i) Commercial pilot’s licence (flying machines) (ii) Senior commercial pilot’s licence (flying machines) (iii) Airline transport pilot’s licence (flying machines) 562 Civil Aviation (iv) Instrument rating (flying machines) Where in the case of an application for the grant or renewal of such a licence or rating an aircraft provided by the Governor is not used for the official flying test, the fee to be paid for such test shall be reduced by such amount as the Governor thinks proper in the circumstances of the case. (c) Where the Governor is satisfied that the applicant has previously been medically examined in connection with an application for a licence as a member of a flight crew, for which there is required a standard of medical fitness not inferior to that required for the licence for which the application is made, the fee to be paid for an official medical examination (if required) shall be £1 5s. 0d. (d) Where an applicant for a licence or for the renewal of a licence or for the grant or renewal of a rating is not required to pass any part of a technical examination or official flying test by reason of having passed that part on some previous occasion, or for any other reason, the fee to be paid for the technical examination or official flying test, as the case may be, may be reduced by such amount as the Governor thinks proper in the circumstances of the case. (e) Where an application is made for the grant of a pilot’s licence (flying machines) (except a private pilot’s licence (flying machines) where the type is not in Group C) or for the grant of a flight engineer’s licence, being in either case a licence which includes an aircraft rating for more than one type of aircraft, the fee specified above for a technical examination shall cover only a technical examination in respect of one type of aircraft Civil Aviation 563 and the fees to be paid for a technical examination for each additional type of aircraft shall be as follows£ s. d. 3 0 0 In respect of a private pilot’s licence (flying machines) where the type in Group C. 3 0 0 In respect of a pilot’s licence (flying machines) of any other class. In respect of a flight engineer’s licence. 2 0 0 (f) No fees shall be payable in respect of an application for a flight radiotelegraphy operator’s licence if the applicant holds a current flight radiotelegraphy operator’s temporary licence. (3) For the purposes of this paragraph— (a) Group A means single-engined aeroplanes of which the maximum total weight authorised does not exceed 12,500 lb. (b) Group B means aeroplanes, having two or more engines, of which the maximum total weight authorised does not exceed 12,500 lb. (c) Group C means aeroplanes of which the maximum total weight authorised exceeds 12,500 lb. 12.—(1) (a) Where an application is made for the extension of the aircraft rating in a private pilot’s licence (flying machines) to cover 564 Civil Aviation additional types of flying machines the following fees shall be paid£ s. d. For an additional type not in Group C15 0 For technical examination (if required) 1 10 0 For official flying test (if required) For an additional type in Group C— 3 0 0 For technical examination (if required) 1 10 0 For official flying test (if required) (b) Where an application is made for the extension of the aircraft rating in a commercial, senior commercial or airline transport pilot’s licence (flying machines) to include an additional type or additional types of flying machines there shall be payable a fee of £3 0s. 0d. in respect of one additional type, and if the application is for an extension to include more than one additional type, a fee of £3 0s. 0d. in respect of each additional type. (c) Where an application is made for the extension of the aircraft rating in a flight engineer’s licence to include an additional type or additional types of flying machines there shall be payable a fee of £2 0s. 0d. in respect of one additional type and, if the application is for an extension to include more than one additional type, a fee of £2 0s. 0d. in respect of each additional type. Civil Aviation 565 (2) For the purposes of this paragraph, Groups A, B and C have the meanings respectively assigned to them by paragraph 11 (3) of this Schedule. Aerodrome Licences (Article 61). 76 of 1966. 13. Subject to the provisions of this paragraph, the following fees shall be paid in respect of licences in aerodromes, that is to say— £ s. d. 50 0 0 For the grant or renewal of a licence, including official inspection of the aerodrome 4 5 0 For an official inspection of the aerodrome not followed by the gran tor renewal of a licence For the variation of a licence, 4 5 0 provided that where any such licence is granted or renewed for a period which will expire within twelve months from the date on which the grant or renewal becomes operative and an application is made for the renewal of the licence, or for the grant of a further licence to the same person for the same aerodrome, for any subsequent period falling within those twelve months, then— (a) if the application is for the renewal of the licence without variation or for the grant of a further licence on the same terms as the previous licence, no fee shall be payable in respect of the renewal of grant; and (b) if the application is for the renewal of the licence with variations or for the grant of a further licence on terms different from those of the previous licence, the application shall be treated for the purpose of this paragraph as if it were an application for the variation of a licence. 566 Civil Aviation 14. The fee to be paid for an official medical examination for the purposes of this Order or any regulations made thereunder shall unless otherwise provided be £1 5s 0d. Medical Examination. Validation of a Licence. (Article 17). 15. Where an application is made for the issue of a certificate of validation of a licence under this Order the following fees shall be paidFor an official medical examination (if required) In each case the fees appropriate to the issue of a licence equivalent to that for which validation is sought. For a technical examination (if required) For an official flying test (if required) For a certificate $4.00 Copies of Documents. 16. The fee to be paid for the issue of a copy or replacement of a document issued under this Order or under regulations made thereunder shall be 10s. 0d., provided that for a copy or replacement of a flight manual or performance schedule relating to a certificate of airworthiness the fee shall be an amount equal to the cost of preparing the copy or replacement as the case may be, but shall not exceed £8 0s. 0d. Civil Aviation 567 FOURTEENTH SCHEDULE Article 74 PENALTIES PART A – PROVISIONS REFERRED TO IN PARAGRAPH (5) OF ARTICLE 74 Article 1. Article 29 (except paragraph (2)). Article 3. Paragraph (1) of Article 39. Paragraph (5) of Article 7. Paragraph (1) of Article 40. Article 11. Article 48. Paragraph (3) of Article 12. Article 53. Article 18. Paragraph (2) of Article 57. Article 20. Article 63. Article 21. Paragraph (1) of Article 66. Paragraph (5) of Article 23. Article 71. PART B – PROVISIONS REFERRED TO IN PARAGRAPH (6) OF ARTICLE 74 Article 4. Paragraph (2) of Article 40. Paragraph (1) of Article 6. Article 41. Article 7 (except paragraph (5)). Article 42. Article 9. Articles 44 to 47, inclusive. Article 10. Article 49. Article 12 (except paragraph (3)). Article 55 (except paragraph (3)). Article 14. Article 56 (except paragraph (4)). 568 Civil Aviation Article 15. Article 57 (except paragraph (2)). Article 19. Article 58. Article 22. Article 59. Article 23 (except paragraph (5)). Paragraph (4) of Article 61. Articles 24 to 28, inclusive. Article 65. Paragraph (2) of Article 29. Article 68. Articles 30 to 38, inclusive. Article 72. Paragraph (2) of Article 39. Civil Aviation 569 FIFTEENTH SCHEDULE Article 76 TERRITORIES TO WHICH THIS ORDER APPLIES Aden (Colony and Protectorate). Bahamas. Basutoland. Bechuanaland Protectorate. Bermuda. British Guiana. British Honduras British Solomon Islands Protectorate. British Virgin Islands. Central and Southern Line Islands. Cyprus: Sovereign Base Areas of Akrotiri and Dhekelia. Falkland Islands and Dependencies. Fiji. Gambia (Colony and Protectorate). Gibraltar. Gilbert and Ellice Islands Colony. Hong Kong. Kenya (Colony and Protectorate). Malta. Mauritius. North Borneo. St. Helena and Ascencion. Sarawak. Seychelles. State of Singapore. Swaziland. Tanganyika. Uganda Protectorate. The West IndiesAntigua. Barbados. Caymen Islands. Dominica. Jamaica. Montserrat. St. Christopher and Nevis and Anguilla. St. Lucia. St. Vincent. Trinidad and Tobago. Turks and Caicos Islands. Zanzibar Protectorate. 570 Civil Aviation (The table below is not part of the Order, but is printed for general information.) A TABLE SHOWING THE COMPARABLE PROVISIONS IN THE COLONIAL AIR NAVIGATION ORDER, 1955, AS AMENDED Provision in Colonial Comparable provision in the Colonial Air Navigation Order, Air Navigation Order, 1955 (as 1961 amended) 1 1 2 1(1) Proviso (ii) 3 2(1), (6), (7), (8) and (16) 4 2(2)(3) 5 2(12) 6 2(9), (10), (11) 7 8 3(1) and 3(a) 9 3(2) 10 3(3)(b) 11 4 12 5(1) to 6 13 13 14 7, 12 and 5(7) and (8) 15 8 16 6 17 26, 24(1), (2) and (4), 23, 30 and 6(5) and (6) 18 21, 22 and Tenth Schedule 19 25 20 24(3) 21 15 22 14 23 16 Civil Aviation 571 24 17 25 16 and Ninth Schedule and 15(4) 26 19 27 11, 29(4), (5) and (6) and 18 28 51 29 6(4) and (8) and 23(5) 30 52 31 54 32 55 33 9 34 10, 6(1), 14(5), 8 and 29(1) 34A to 34I 43 to 50 35 68 36 57 37 33 38 34 39 58 40 37 41 39 42 40 43 9(5) 44 36 45 35 46 16(2) Proviso (a), 16(3) and (4) and Ninth Schedule (Part B) 47 20 and Ninth Schedule (Part A) 48 56 49 56(6) 50 42 51 61 52 62 53 63 54 60 55 59 572 Civil Aviation 56 57 64 58 65 59 66 60 67 61 62 63 64 69 65 70 66 71 67 73 68 77 69 74 70 76 71 75 72 78 73 74 75 79 76 80 77 81 78 82 79 83 80 85 81 86 Schedule I First Schedule (Part B) Schedule II Twelfth Schedule Schedule III Schedule IV Thirteenth Schedule Schedule V First Schedule (Part A) Schedule VI Fifteenth Schedule EXPLANATORY NOTE Civil Aviation 573 (This Note is not a part of the Order, but is intended to indicate its general purport.) This Order revokes and re-enacts with modifications the Colonial Air Navigation Order, 1955, as amended, and incorporates some new provisions. Schedule III (Customs) to the Colonial Air Navigation Order, 1955, has not been re- enacted by the present Order. The principal modifications are as follows– (a) Gliders, balloons and kites flown solely within the Colony are in general exempted from the requirements of registration (Article 1 (1)) and of a certificate of airworthiness, unless flown for public transport or aerial work. (Article 4 (1)). (b) Power is conferred to the Governor to modify by regulations the aircraft registration provisions of the Order so as to facilitate the temporary interchange of aircraft between Colony operators and other operators. (Article 2.) (c) A body corporate is no longer disqualified from owning an aircraft registered in the Colony by reason of the chairman and two- thirds of the directors not being qualified to do so. An alien residing or having a place of business in the Colony may register an aircraft there, but an aircraft so registered may not fly for public transport or aerial work. An aircraft chartered by demise to a person qualified to own an aircraft registered in the Colony may be so registered notwithstanding that the owner of the aircraft is an unqualified person. (Article 2.) 574 Civil Aviation (d) Provision is made for a technical log in which the commanders of aircraft must record the flying hours of, and any defects in, the aircraft; and for a certificate of compliance to cover inspections, overhauls, repairs, replacements and modifications. (Articles 5 to 7.) (e) Glider pilots and persons under training are now allowed to operate aircraft radiotelephony installations in certain circumstances without having a flight radiotelephony operator’s licence. (Article 15.) (f) A new provision allows the holder of a flight crew licence issued by a State party to the Chicago Convention of 1944 to act, without validation of the licence, as a member of the flight crew of an aircraft registered in the Colony when the aircraft is not flying for public transport or aerial work. (Article 15.) (g) The number of types of flight crew licences has been reduced. (Article 16.) (h) an operations manual is required for all public transport aircraft, without exception, and a copy of the manual is required to be carried on the aircraft. (Article 21.) (i) The particulars required to be included in the load sheet have been modified. (Article 23.) (j) A limit of the length is set to the combination of towing aircraft and glider. Signals are required to be arranged beforehand between the glider and the towing aircraft, and the Civil Aviation 575 snatch pick-up of gliders is prohibited. (Article 30.) (k) The dropping or projection of articles, animals or persons, save in emergency or for certain specified purposes, is prohibited. The raising or lowering of articles, etc., by helicopters will be lawful if the aircraft’s certificate of airworthiness so permits. (Article 32.) (l) The provisions as to flight times, rest periods and duty periods are extended to aircraft operated by transport undertakings whether or not the particular flight is for public transport, but excluding flying clubs and flying schools. (Article 43.) (m) The discretion of a commander of an aircraft to allow a departure from the flight time limitations in case of unavoidable and unforeseen delay to a flight is applied to all aircraft and is no longer confined to public transport aircraft. (Article 50.) (n) The purposes for which the Governor may make regulations prohibiting or restricting flying over a specified area are extended to include the public interest as well as national defence. (Article 57.) (o) The requirement that aircraft engaged in the public transport of passengers may only land and take-off in the Colony at Government or licenced aerodromes is modified— (i) by a revision of the exception, in particular by restricting it in the case of aeroplanes to those not exceeding 6,000 lb. maximum total weight authorised 576 Civil Aviation when not engaged on certain types of flight: (ii) by extending the requirement to aircraft in use for instruction in flying (Article 59.) (p) The maximum penalties for offences against the Order arranged in the following categories– (i) the maximum penalties which may be imposed under s. 8 (4) of the Civil Aviation Act, 1949; (ii) a middle category for less serious offences; (iii) a category for minor offences. (Article 74 and the Fourteenth Schedule.) (q) An aircraft is no longer treated as a military aircraft by reason of its being commanded by a person on duty in Her Majesty’s Forces or in a visiting force, but under Article 15 (5) such persons are excepted from the requirement of civil flight crew licences. The Order does not apply to military aircraft except when flown by civilians, in which case only certain Articles apply. (Article 78.) (r) Powers and duties hitherto conferred on the East Africa High Commission are now to be conferred on the East African Common Services Authority, when that body is established. (Articles 80 and 81 (1).) Civil Aviation 577 (s) The definition of “military aircraft” is changed so as to include aircraft being constructed for military purposes under a Government contract. (Article 81.) (t) Provision is made to exclude from the application of the Order (except where otherwise provided) toy balloons and kites and model aircraft. (Article 84.)