Effect of Order

The effect of an Order made under Part IV shall be to override so much of Part I and Part III, any rules, regulations or Orders as may be in conflict therewith, but only so long as the said Order is operative. 24 SCHEDULE DANGEROUS GOODS ACT Testing of Petroleum Products for Inflammable Vapour [Sections 2 and 17] Specification of the Test Apparatus The following is a description of the details of the apparatus, l. (a) The oil cup consists of a cylindrical vessel two inches diameter, two and two-tenths inches height (internal), with outward projecting rim five-tenths inch wide, three- eighths inch from the top, and one and seven- eighths inches from the bottom of the cup. (b) It is made of gun metal or brass (17 B.W.G.), tinned inside. (c) A bracket, consisting of a short stout piece of wire bent upwards and terminating in a point, is fixed to the inside of the cup to serve as a gauge. (d) The distance of the point from the bottom of the cup is one-and-a-half inches. (e) The cup is provided with a close-fitting overlapping cover made of brass (22 B.W.G.), which carries the thermometer and test lamp. (f) The latter is suspended from two supports from the side by means of trunnions upon which it may be made to oscillate, it is Dangerous Goods 25 provided with a spout, the mouth of which is one-sixteenth of an inch in diameter. (g) The socket which is to hold the thermometer is fixed at such an angle and its length is so adjusted that the bulb of the thermometer when inserted to its full depth shall be one- and-a-half inches below the centre of the lid. 2. (a) The cover is provided with three square holes, one in the centre, five-tenths inch by four-tenths inch and two smaller ones three- tenths inch by two-tenths inch, close to the sides and opposite each other. (b) These three holes may be closed and uncovered by means of a slide moving in grooves, and having perforations corresponding to those on the lid. 3. (a) In moving the slide so as to uncover the holes, the oscillating lamp is caught by a pin fixed in the slide, and tilted in such a way as to bring the end of the spout just below the surface of the lid. (b) Upon the slide being pushed back so as to cover the holes, the lamp returns to its original position. 4. Upon the cover, in front of and in line with the mouth of the lamp, is fixed a white bead, the dimensions of which represents the size of the test flame to be used. 5. (a) The bath or heated vessel consists of two flat- bottomed copper cylinders (24 B.W.G.), an inner one of three inches diameter and two- and-a-half inches height, and an outer one of five-and-a-half inches diameter and five- 26 Dangerous Goods and-three-quarter inches height and they are soldered to a circular copper plate (20 B.W.G.) perforated in the centre, which forms the top of the bath, in such a manner as to enclose the space between the two cylinders, but leaving access to the inner cylinder. (b) The top of the bath projects both outwards and inwards about three-eighths inch, that is, its diameter is about six-eighths inch greater than that of the body of the bath, while the diameter of the circular opening in the centre is about the same amount less than that of the inner copper cylinder. (c) To the inner projection of the top is fastened, by six small screws, a flat ring of ebonite, the screws being sunk below the surface of the ebonite to avoid metallic contact between the bath and the oil cup. (d) The exact distance between the sides and bottom of the bath and of the oil lamp is one- half of an inch. (e) A split socket similar to that on the cover of the oil cup, but set at a right angle, allows a thermometer to be inserted into the space between the two cylinders. (f) The bath is further provided with a funnel, an overflow pipe, and two loop handles. 6. (a) The bath rests upon a cast-iron tripod stand, to the ring of which is attached a copper cylinder or jacket (24 B.W.G.) flanged at the top, and of such dimensions that the bath, while firmly resting on the iron ring, just Dangerous Goods 27 touches with its projecting top the inward- turned flange. (b) The diameter of this outer jacket is six-and-a- half inches. (c) One of three legs of the stand serves as support for the spirit lamp attached to it by means of a small swing bracket. (d) The distance of the wick holder from the bottom of the bath is one inch. 7. (a) Two thermometers are provided with the apparatus, the one for ascertaining the temperature of the bath, the other for determining the flashing point. (b) The thermometer for ascertaining the temperature of the water has a long bulb and a space at the top. (c) Its range is about ninety degrees to one hundred and ninety degrees Fahrenheit. (d) The scale (in degrees of Fahrenheit) is marked on an ivory back fastened to the tube in the usual way. (e) It is fitted with a metal collar, fitting the socket, and the part of the tube below the scale should have a length of about three- and-a-half inches measured from the lower end of the scale to the end of the bulb. (f) The thermometer for ascertaining the temperature of the oil is fitted with collar and ivory scale in a similar manner to the one described. 28 Dangerous Goods (g) It has a round bulb, a space at the top, and ranges from about fifty-five to one hundred and fifty degrees Fahrenheit and it measures from the end of ivory back to bulb two-and-a- quarter inches. DIRECTIONS FOR APPLYING THE FLASHING TEST 1. The test apparatus is to be placed for use in a position where it is not exposed to currents of air or draughts. 2. (a) The heating vessel or water bath is filled by pouring water into the funnel until it begins to flow out at the spout of the vessel. (b) The temperature of the water at the commencement of the test is to be one hundred and thirty degrees Fahrenheit, and this attained in the first instance either by mixing hot and cold water in the bath, or in a vessel from which the bath is filled, until the thermometer which is provided for testing the temperature of the water gives the proper indication, or by heating the water with the spirit lamp (which is attached to the stand of the apparatus) until the required temperature is indicated. (c) If the water has been heated too highly, it is easily reduced to one hundred and thirty degrees by pouring in cold water little by little (to replace a portion of the warm water) until the thermometer gives the proper reading. (d) When a test has been completed, this water bath is again raised to one hundred and thirty degrees by placing the lamp underneath, and Dangerous Goods 29 the result is readily obtained while the petroleum cup is being emptied, cooled, and refilled with a fresh sample to be tested. (e) The lamp is then turned on its swivel from under the apparatus, and the next test is proceeded with. 3. (a) The test lamp is prepared for use by fitting it with a piece of flat plaited candle wick, and filling it with colza or rape oil up to the lower edge of the opening of the spout or wick tube. (b) The lamp is trimmed so that when lighted it gives flame of about 0-15 of an inch diameter, and this size of flame which is represented by the projecting white bead on the cover of the oil cup is readily maintained by simple manipulation from time to time with a small wire trimmer. (c) When gas is available it may be conveniently used in place of the little oil lamp, and for this purpose a test- flame arrangement for use with gas may be substituted for the lamp. 4. (a) The bath having been raised to the proper temperature, the oil to be tested is introduced into the petroleum cup, being poured in slowly until the level of the liquid just reaches the point of the gauge which is fixed in the cup. (b) In warm weather the temperature of the room in which the samples to be tested have been kept should be observed in the first instance, and if it exceeds sixty-five degrees the samples to be tested should be cooled down (to about sixty degrees) by immersing the 30 Dangerous Goods bottle containing them in cold water, or by any other convenient method. (c) The lid of the cup, with the slide closed, is then put on, and the cup is placed into the bath or heating vessel. (d) The thermometer in the lid of the cup has been adjusted so as to have its bulb just immersed in the liquid, and its position is not under any circumstances to be altered. (e) When the cup has been placed in the proper position, the scale of the thermometer faces the operator. 5. (a) The test lamp is then placed in position upon the lid of the cup, the lead line or pendulum, which has been fixed in a convenient position in front of the operator, is set in motion, and the rise of the thermometer in the petroleum cup is watched. (b) When the temperature has reached about sixty-six degrees the operation of testing is to be commenced, the test-flame being applied once for every rise of one degree, in the following manner. The slide is slowly drawn open while the pendulum performs three oscillations, and is closed during the fourth oscillation. Note - If it is desired to employ the test apparatus to determine the flashing points of oil of very low volatility, the mode of proceeding is to be modified as follows. The air chamber which surrounds the cup is filled with cold water, to a depth of one-and-a-half inches, and the heating vessel or water bath is filled as usual, but also with cold water. Dangerous Goods 31 The lamp is then placed under the apparatus and kept there during the entire operation. If a very heavy oil is being dealt with, the operation may be commenced with water previously heated to one hundred and twenty degrees, instead of with cold water.